Noise in human muscle spindles

Cordo, Paul; Inglis, James; Verschueren, Sabine; Collins, James J.; Merfeld, Daniel M.; Rosenblum, Stuart M.; Buckley, S.; Moss, Frank

doi:10.1038/383769a0

Cited by 274 publications

(184 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Previous reports 24,25 have indicated that the muscle spindles are sensitized by SRS applied either directly to the mechanoreceptors or over the skin of the mechanoreceptors. We speculate that these muscle mechanoreceptors may be responsible for adequate adjustment of the evertors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…37 The difference between therapists' vibration techniques and SRS is that the former therapy is sensory and the latter therapy is subsensory. Interestingly, evidence 24,29,30 demonstrates that muscle spindle function improves with subsensory noise stimulation (ie, SRS). Thus, the SRS in our study might have served a similar function as sensory vibration therapy for evertor force adjustments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27 In 1 research investigation, 28 for example, SRS improved the ability to detect subthreshold tactile stimuli. In addition, researchers 24 found that SRS applied to the forearm increased muscle spindle signals during passive wrist rotation. They speculated that SRS could have activated the cutaneous receptors to influence the sensitivity of the spindles by preceding influential activity in the c motoneurons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They speculated that SRS could have activated the cutaneous receptors to influence the sensitivity of the spindles by preceding influential activity in the c motoneurons. 24 This indirect pathway would then have a similar effect to the aforementioned spindle mechanism for achieving adequate muscle tension. Further research is needed to define the neurologic mechanisms for enhancing force sense with SRS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[18][19][20][21][22][23] This therapy introduces subsensory mechanical or electrical noise through the skin to enhance the ability of the mechanoreceptors to detect and transmit weak sensory signals. [24][25][26] This subsensory noise can stimulate the mechanoreceptors to bring membrane potentials closer to threshold by changing ion permeability. 27 Essentially, SRS can prime the mechanoreceptors to fire and transmit sensory information.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Noise-Enhanced Eversion Force Sense in Ankles With or Without Functional Instability

Ross

Linens

Wright

et al. 2015

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Force sense impairments are associated with functional ankle instability. Stochastic resonance stimulation (SRS) may have implications for correcting these force sense deficits.Objective: To determine if SRS improved force sense. Design: Case-control study. Setting: Research laboratory.Patients or Other Participants: Twelve people with functional ankle instability (age ¼ 23 6 3 years, height ¼ 174 6 8 cm, mass ¼ 69 6 10 kg) and 12 people with stable ankles (age ¼ 22 6 2 years, height ¼ 170 6 7 cm, mass ¼ 64 6 10 kg).Intervention(s): The eversion force sense protocol required participants to reproduce a targeted muscle tension (10% of maximum voluntary isometric contraction). This protocol was assessed under SRS on and SRS off (control) conditions. During SRS on , random subsensory mechanical noise was applied to the lower leg at a customized optimal intensity for each participant.Main Outcome Measure(s): Constant error, absolute error, and variable error measures quantified accuracy, overall performance, and consistency of force reproduction, respectively.Results: With SRS, we observed main effects for force sense absolute error (SRS off ¼ 1.01 6 0.67 N, SRS on ¼ 0.69 6 0.42 N) and variable error (SRS off ¼ 1.11 6 0.64 N, SRS on ¼ 0.78 6 0.56 N) (P , .05). No other main effects or treatment-bygroup interactions were found (P . .05).Conclusions: Although SRS reduced the overall magnitude (absolute error) and variability (variable error) of force sense errors, it had no effect on the directionality (constant error). Clinically, SRS may enhance muscle tension ability, which could have treatment implications for ankle stability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Noise-Enhanced Eversion Force Sense in Ankles With or Without Functional Instability

Ross

Linens

Wright

et al. 2015

Journal of Athletic Training

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Noise‐enhanced balance control in patients with diabetes and patients with stroke

Priplata

Patritti

Niemi

et al. 2005

Annals of Neurology

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320

297

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Behavioral Motor Performance

Leib,

Howard,

Millard

et al. 2023

Comprehensive Physiology

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The human sensorimotor control system has exceptional abilities to perform skillful actions. We easily switch between strenuous tasks that involve brute force, such as lifting a heavy sewing machine, and delicate movements such as threading a needle in the same machine. Using a structure with different control architectures, the motor system is capable of updating its ability to perform through our daily interaction with the fluctuating environment. However, there are issues that make this a difficult computational problem for the brain to solve. The brain needs to control a nonlinear, nonstationary neuromuscular system, with redundant and occasionally undesired degrees of freedom, in an uncertain environment using a body in which information transmission is subject to delays and noise. To gain insight into the mechanisms of motor control, here we survey movement laws and invariances that shape our everyday motion. We then examine the major solutions to each of these problems in the three parts of the sensorimotor control system, sensing, planning, and acting. We focus on how the sensory system, the control architectures, and the structure and operation of the muscles serve as complementary mechanisms to overcome deviations and disturbances to motor behavior and give rise to skillful motor performance. We conclude with possible future research directions based on suggested links between the operation of the sensorimotor system across the movement stages. © 2024 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 14:5179‐5224, 2024.

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Noise in human muscle spindles

Cited by 274 publications

References 10 publications

Noise-Enhanced Eversion Force Sense in Ankles With or Without Functional Instability

Noise-Enhanced Eversion Force Sense in Ankles With or Without Functional Instability

Noise‐enhanced balance control in patients with diabetes and patients with stroke

Behavioral Motor Performance

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