Noise Thermometry in the Range 630-962°C

Crovini, L.; Actis, A

doi:10.1088/0026-1394/14/2/004

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Switched-rectifier noise thermometers have been used for both industrial and metrological measurements spanning temper atures from 2 K to 1250 K [51,52]. In some of the measurements, the square-law rectifier is replaced by a linear rectifier, which sacrifices a little statistical efficiency for circuit simplicity.…”

Section: The Switched Rectifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

Johnson noise thermometry

Benz

Rogalla

et al. 2019

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Johnson noise thermometers infer thermodynamic temperature from measurements of the thermally-induced current fluctuations that occur in all electrical conductors. This paper reviews the status of Johnson noise thermometry and its prospects for both metrological measurements and for practical applications in industry. The review begins with a brief description of the foundations and principles of Johnson noise thermometry before outlining the many different techniques and technological breakthroughs that have enabled the application of Johnson noise thermometry to high-accuracy, cryogenic, and industrial thermometry. Finally, the future of noise thermometry is considered. As the only purely electronic approach to thermodynamic temperature measurement, Johnson noise thermometry has appeal for metrological applications at temperatures ranging from below 1 mK up to 800 K. With the rapid advances in digital technologies, there are also expectations that noise thermometry will become a practical option for some industrial applications, perhaps reaching temperatures above 2000 K.

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Section: The Switched Rectifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

Johnson noise thermometry

Benz

Rogalla

et al. 2019

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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“…Only in the latter case can the Boltzmann constant be directly determined from the ratio U 2 /R of two macroscopic quantities if the temperature T is known. For details see [6,14,[67][68][69][70][71][72].…”

Section: Noise Thermometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the Boltzmann constant—status and prospects

Fellmuth

Gaiser

Fischer

2006

Meas. Sci. Technol.

119

126

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The present definition of the kelvin links the unit of temperature with a material property, namely the triple point temperature of water. It would be more consistent with the current approaches to other base units of the International System of Units to fix the value of the Boltzmann constant k, instead. This would rationalize the definition and make it separate from any technique of realization. Furthermore, it is needed to improve temperature measurement, particularly at temperatures far away from the triple point of water. For this purpose, k must first be determined with appropriately small uncertainty applying different measurement methods. In this paper, the primary-thermometry methods for determining the Boltzmann constant (acoustic gas thermometry, thermal-equation-of-state methods, radiation thermometry and methods based directly on statistics and quantization) and their state-of-the-art level of uncertainty are discussed. Special emphasis is given to the basic physics underlying these methods, the fundamental error sources and the uncertainty, which seems to be attainable on a five-year timescale in view of some new developments and the foreseeable progress. Finally, a possible simple new definition of the kelvin is proposed.

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“…Temperature can be measured by primary and secondary means [1]. Primary thermometry is defined as determining temperatures using equations of state and physical constants without any adjustable temperature-dependent parameters; some examples are constant-volume gas thermometry [2], speed-ofsound measurements in gases [3] and noise thermometry [4]. Primary measurements based on measurements using gases are limited in temperature range due to deviation of the gas from ideal behaviour and other experimental limitations [5], and noise thermometry is limited due to the long measurement times needed for averaging [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The realization and the dissemination of thermodynamic temperature scales

Yoon

2006

Metrologia

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Since the establishment of the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90), much progress has been made in the development of radiometers and blackbody sources. Cryogenic electrical-substitution radiometry is widely used in detector and radiometer calibrations, and stable, high-temperature metal-carbon eutectic blackbodies are under development. Radiation thermometers can be calibrated for absolute radiance responsivity, and blackbody temperatures determined from the amount of optical power without the use of any fixed points to directly measure thermodynamic temperatures. These thermodynamic temperatures can be measured with lower final uncertainties than the ITS-90 derived temperatures, and these developments will directly impact future international temperature scales.

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Noise Thermometry in the Range 630-962°C

Cited by 30 publications

References 12 publications

Johnson noise thermometry

Johnson noise thermometry

Determination of the Boltzmann constant—status and prospects

The realization and the dissemination of thermodynamic temperature scales

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