Non-Coulomb Nuclear Reactions of Transatoms. Stellar Energy and Nucleosynthesis

Abstract

Abstract. The exchange Coulomb energy of two charged particles paired in orthoboson (S =↑↑, 1, 2, ...) has the character of attraction and it completely compensates, in the first order of perturbation theory, the energy of their Coulomb repulsion. For strongly interacting identical particles, including atomic nuclei, this fact leads to the launch of nuclear reactions without Coulomb barrier. This explains the feasibility of low energy nuclear reactions. Consequently, there is a stellar energy source as an alternative to thermonuclear fusion, and there is a process of nucleosynthesis as an alternative to the explosion of supernovae.

Resonant Interference Exchange Interaction

“…In the ground state of parahelium the electrons are in the identical state: a = b. Therefore, integrals (7) and (8) are equal to each other: С = А = 15 eV.…”

“…If there were an antisymmetric coordinate state with a = b and S = 1, then С = А, and the exchange energy would compensate fully the energy of Coulomb repulsion: ΔE (1) = 0, the minus sign in (9b). In papers [6,7], the following is considered: the possibility of existence of atoms with paired electrons which form the Bose-Einstein condensate, including the possibility of existence of transhelium.…”

“…The quantum number of oscillations of the paired electrons are equal to each other by the module; however, they are contrary in their sign: The frequency of oscillations ω B is connected with the frequency of rotation of the electron at the orbital ω 0 = E 0 /ћ and the frequency of precession of its orbital moment ω ℓ by the following ratio [9, 10]: such motion allows two electrons in identical energy states to be found in non-overlapping spatial regions. The trajectories of motion of the electrons can be represented as closed interleaved helices located at the surface of a toroid [7] (Fig. 2c).…”

“…So, one more quantum paradox arises: "waves extinguish the wind". For n b = 1 the energy of paired electrons in the helium transatom is: 6E a = 3•108.8 = 326.4 eV or 163.2 eV for each electron [7] (Fig. 1).…”

Theory of Cold Nuclear Fusion Reactions

“…Some experimental similarity in the results of these types of reactions, in the case of CF reactions, is explained by the initial excitation of the condensed matter due to cold fusion reactions with a subsequent triggering of lowenergy transmutation reactions. The theory of low-energy transmutation reactions proposed by the author of this article is presented in [7][8][9][10][11].…”