Non-destructive method for detecting Aphanomyces astaci, the causative agent of crayfish plague, on the individual level

Pavić, Dora; Čanković, Milan; Petrić, Ines; Makkonen, Jenny; Hudina, Sandra; Maguire, Ivana; Vladušić, Tomislav; Šver, Lidija; Hrašćan, Reno; Orlić, Karla; Dragičević, Paula; Bielen, Ana

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2019.107274

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Four types of crayfish samples were taken for each individual crayfish: exoskeletal biofilm, hemolymph, hepatopancreas, and intestine (i.e., midgut and hindgut). Exoskeletal biofilm was sampled by taking cuticle swabs as previously described ( 91 ). Briefly, any loosely adhered debris (such as vegetation, mud, or sediment) was manually removed from the crayfish, which were then thoroughly scrubbed with a sterile brush wetted with a 0.1% NaCl and 0.15 M Tween 20 solution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genomic DNA was extracted from exoskeletal biofilm, hemolymph, hepatopancreas, and intestine using the NucleoSpin microbial DNA kit (Macherey-Nagel, Germany) as per the manufacturer’s protocol for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and with modifications regarding sample lysis by agitation as previously described ( 91 ). Genomic DNA from sediment and water samples was extracted using a DNeasy PowerSoil Pro kit (Qiagen, Germany).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbiome of the Successful Freshwater Invader, the Signal Crayfish, and Its Changes along the Invasion Range

et al. 2021

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Invasive species are among the major drivers of biodiversity loss and impairment of ecosystem services worldwide, but our understanding of their invasion success and dynamics still has many gaps. For instance, although it is known that host-associated microbial communities may significantly affect an individual’s health and fitness, the current studies on invasive species are mainly focused on pathogenic microbes, while the effects of the remaining majority of microbial communities on the invasion process are almost completely unexplored.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome of the Successful Freshwater Invader, the Signal Crayfish, and Its Changes along the Invasion Range

et al. 2021

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“…The resistant invasive signal crayfish had continuously elevated levels of proPO expression, which could not be additionally increased by immunostimulants like in a susceptible native crayfish species [ 138 ], such as the narrow-clawed crayfish. The prevalence of crayfish plague in the signal crayfish population in the Korana River was very low (6% of individuals, distributed equally along the invasion range) [ 139 ], while qPCR quantification of A. astaci performed in parallel with this study identified very low agent levels (A0–A3, with the majority of samples from individuals of both species classified as A0; Bielen et al, in preparation). Therefore, neither native nor invasive crayfish populations show signs of recent crayfish plague outbreaks, which could potentially have a high impact on their immune response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Immune Response in Crayfish Is Species-Specific and Exhibits Changes along Invasion Range of a Successful Invader

Dragičević

Grbin

Maguire

et al. 2021

Biology

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Immunity is an important component of invasion success since it enables invaders’ adaptation to conditions of the novel environment as they expand their range. Immune response of invaders may vary along the invasion range due to encountered parasites/microbial communities, conditions of the local environment, and ecological processes that arise during the range expansion. Here, we analyzed changes in the immune response along the invasion range of one of the most successful aquatic invaders, the signal crayfish, in the recently invaded Korana River, Croatia. We used several standard immune parameters (encapsulation response, hemocyte count, phenoloxidaze activity, and total prophenoloxidaze) to: i) compare immune response of the signal crayfish along its invasion range, and between species (comparison with co-occurring native narrow-clawed crayfish), and ii) analyze effects of specific predictors (water temperature, crayfish abundance, and body condition) on crayfish immune response changes. Immune response displayed species-specificity, differed significantly along the signal crayfish invasion range, and was mostly affected by water temperature and population abundance. Specific immune parameters showed density-dependent variation corresponding to increased investment in them during range expansion. Obtained results offer baseline insights for elucidating the role of immunocompetence in the invasion success of an invertebrate freshwater invader.

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“…eDNA coupled with sensitive molecular techniques such as qPCR (e.g. Robinson et al., 2018; Strand et al., 2019; Wittwer et al., 2018) are increasingly being used in monitoring of crayfish plague, and non‐invasive approach to A. astaci detection from cuticle swabs has recently been developed that circumvents the killing of crayfish for A. astaci detection purposes (Pavić et al, 2020). Again, it must be acknowledged that such approaches have been designed for monitoring and detection of the most well‐studied disease in crayfish, the crayfish plague, while methodological developments for detection of other diseases remain sparse.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial pathogens of freshwater crayfish: A critical review and systematization of the existing data with directions for future research

Dragičević

Bielen

Petrić

et al. 2020

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Despite important ecological role and growing commercial value of freshwater crayfish, their diseases are underresearched and many studies examining potential crayfish pathogens do not thoroughly address their epizootiology, pathology or biology. This study reviews over 100 publications on potentially pathogenic viruses, bacteria, fungi and fungal‐like microorganisms reported in crayfish and systematizes them based on whether pathogenicity has been observed in an analysed species. Conclusions on pathogenicity were based on successful execution of infectivity trials. For 40.6% of examined studies, microbes were successfully systematized, while for more than a half (59.4%) no conclusion on pathogenicity could be made. Fungi and fungal‐like microorganisms were the most studied group of microbes with the highest number of analysed hosts, followed by bacteria and viruses. Our analysis demonstrated the need for: (a) inclusion of higher number of potential host species in the case of viruses, (b) research of bacterial effects in tissues other than haemolymph, and (c) more research into potential fungal and fungal‐like pathogens other than Aphanomyces astaci. We highlight the encountered methodological challenges and biases and call for a broad but standardized framework for execution of infectivity trials that would enable systematic data acquisition on interactions between microbes and the host.

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Non-destructive method for detecting Aphanomyces astaci, the causative agent of crayfish plague, on the individual level

Cited by 19 publications

References 41 publications

Microbiome of the Successful Freshwater Invader, the Signal Crayfish, and Its Changes along the Invasion Range

Microbiome of the Successful Freshwater Invader, the Signal Crayfish, and Its Changes along the Invasion Range

Immune Response in Crayfish Is Species-Specific and Exhibits Changes along Invasion Range of a Successful Invader

Microbial pathogens of freshwater crayfish: A critical review and systematization of the existing data with directions for future research

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