Non-food industrial applications of poultry feathers

Valorization of Proteins from Co- and By-Products from the Fish and Meat Industry

“…several types of dehydrogenases and catalase from bovine liver and porcine liver esterase. Aside from being an excellent feed source, poultry feathers can be used for a range of nonfood applications [98]. Examples span electrical and electronic applications, composite materials, oil adsorbents, and generation of micro-and nanoparticles.…”

Chicken feather hydrolysate as an inexpensive complex nitrogen source for PHA production byCupriavidus necatoron waste frying oils

“…Typical complex nitrogen sources used in cultivation media such as soya peptone or yeast extract are sold at the price of 7 Euro per kg or higher, the price of casein is about 2 Euro per kg but it needs to be hydrolysed prior to its use and the cost of casamino acids (casein hydrolysate) is about 100 Euro per kg (information from http://www.alibaba.com). On the contrary, feather is basically inexpensive waste (Reddy ) and its alkaline hydrolysis represents a simple and cheap process.…”

“…). Nonetheless, despite their low cost and abundant availability, industrial applications of feathers are limited and chicken feather is usually treated as waste (Reddy ). Nevertheless, classical methods of feather disposal, such as incineration or landfilling, have already been restricted or banned in some countries due to the pollution they create (Stiborova et al .…”

Sustainable Management of Keratin Waste Biomass: Applications and Future Perspectives

“…The composting of chicken feather was also used to produce biofertilizers (Ichida et al 2001;Kornillowicz-Kowalska and Bohacz 2010). Keratin is a good nitrogen source used to prepare the fertilizers (Reddy 2015). Bacteria and fungi produces keratinolytic enzymes which help to degrade the waste biomass of Keratin.…”