Sustainable Management of Keratin Waste Biomass: Applications and Future Perspectives

Sharma, Swati; Gupta, Arun

doi:10.1590/1678-4324-2016150684

Cited by 164 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…These degraded feathers can be used to produce fertiliser because of its high protein and nitrogen content [70]. Furthermore, chicken feathers can be used for the production of strong thermoplastic products (such as polyethylene nylon, polyvinyl chloride and polystyrene) when processed with chemicals such as methyl acrylate [71].…”

Section: Utilization Of Inedible By-productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Animal By-Products in Food Systems: Production, Prospects and Challenges

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The consumption of animal by-products has continued to witness tremendous growth over the last decade. This is due to its potential to combat protein malnutrition and food insecurity in many countries. Shortly after slaughter, animal by-products are separated into edible or inedible parts. The edible part accounts for 55% of the production while the remaining part is regarded as inedible by-products (IEBPs). These IEBPs can be re-processed into sustainable products for agricultural and industrial uses. The efficient utilization of animal by-products can alleviate the prevailing cost and scarcity of feed materials, which have high competition between animals and humans. This will also aid in reducing environmental pollution in the society. In this regard, proper utilization of animal by-products such as rumen digesta can result in cheaper feed, reduction in competition and lower cost of production. Over the years, the utilization of animal by-products such as rumen digesta as feed in livestock feed has been successfully carried out without any adverse effect on the animals. However, there are emerging gaps that need to be further addressed regarding the food security and sustainability of the products. Therefore, the objective of this review highlights the efficacy and effectiveness of using animal by-products as alternative sources of feed ingredients, and the constraints associated with their production to boost livestock performance in the industry at large.

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Section: Utilization Of Inedible By-productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Animal By-Products in Food Systems: Production, Prospects and Challenges

et al. 2017

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“…Usage of biomaterials in these products increased rapidly due to the establishment of a matrix or scaffolding system that reproduce the structure and function of the indigenous tissue. There are many applications of keratins in protein-based biomaterials, biomedical and pharmaceutical sectors [3,4]. This is mainly, because of their ability to work as an extracellular matrix that facilitates cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Wound-Healing Keratin Hydrogels Using Chicken Feathers Proteins and Its Properties

Priyaah

Gupta

Sharma

2017

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: A novel cross-linked keratin hydrogel was prepared by integrating keratin from chicken feather into an aloe-vera, Chitosan and honey based dressing formulation separately.Methods: Keratin fibres extracted from chicken feathers are eco-friendly, non-abrasive, biodegradable, insoluble in organic solvents and having good mechanical properties, hydrophobic behaviour, low density and finally cheap. Keratin based hydrogels were prepared with five types of ingredients and studied for their wound healing properties. The analysis of keratin-based hydrogel was done by Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.Results: Keratinocytes containing keratin travel from the wound border to initiate the process of healing. The characteristics of keratin-based hydrogel derived from chicken feather made it an effective wound care therapeutic product. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed the crystallinity index in between 30-50% of the hydrogen. Conclusion:The test for swelling and solubility were carried out on the hydrogen to determine the solid content and water absorbance capacity. Overall, this product is safe to use as an effective wound healing product with appropriate properties.

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“…Food industry, poultry farm, slaughterhouse, leather industries and wool industries are constantly producing million tons of keratinous wastes. The major producers include USA, Brazil and China, account for more than 40 million tons per year (Sharma and Gupta 2016). According to a current report, India's part alone is 350 million tons (Agrahari and Wadhwa 2010;Sousa et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chrysosporium queenslandicum: a potent keratinophilic fungus for keratinous waste degradation

Kumawat¹,

Sharma²,

Bhadauria³

2017

Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult

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Purpose Keratinous wastes are the solid environmental pollutant generated from poultry farms, slaughterhouses and barber's shops. The aim of the present study is the degradation of keratinous wastes in an eco-friendly way by biological methods, which should further be helpful to reduce the wastes and recycled into valuable feed and fertilizers. Methods Degradation of keratinous substrates was assessed by highly potent keratinophilic fungi, namely Chrysosporium queenslandicum TKKASb Apinis and R.G. Rees. This chicken feather degrading fungal strain previously isolated and identified by morphological and 18 s rDNA sequencing in laboratory, was used in the present study. Ch. queenslandicum was inoculated into the basal salt medium (BSM) with keratinous substrates for 12 and 24 days at 28 ± 2°C to observe degradation. The rate of degradation was expressed as weight loss of keratin substrate over incubation days and pH variation. Results In this study, Ch. queenslandicum showed maximum degradation on chicken feathers followed by human nail clippings, animal hair and human hair. The degradation rate on chicken feather was 38.40 ± 0.80 and 46.40 ± 2.50% after 12 and 24 days, respectively. The basal salt medium's pH was increased over incubation time. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination also demonstrated the degradation of chicken feathers. Conclusions The results suggest that Ch. queenslandicum possess the potential biotechnological applications which can be used in the hydrolysis of keratinous waste and recycling of poultry waste for environmental protection. The hydrolyzed keratinous material can also be utilized as the source of fertilizers for plants and feed for animals.

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Sustainable Management of Keratin Waste Biomass: Applications and Future Perspectives

Abstract: Keratin is a durable, fibrous protein which is mainly present in higher vertebrates (mammals, birds and reptiles)

Cited by 164 publications

References 95 publications

The Potential of Animal By-Products in Food Systems: Production, Prospects and Challenges

The Potential of Animal By-Products in Food Systems: Production, Prospects and Challenges

Synthesis of Wound-Healing Keratin Hydrogels Using Chicken Feathers Proteins and Its Properties

Chrysosporium queenslandicum: a potent keratinophilic fungus for keratinous waste degradation

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