Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and GIST: molecular pathways and clinical expressions

Abstract

We report the case of a 64-year-old woman with a gastrointestinal stromal tumor and a diffuse large cell lymphoma. For this case, we conducted a literature review in an attempt to correlate these two neoplasms on a molecular basis. Diffuse large cell lymphoma is a subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The etiologic factor of these lymphomas is considered to be the mutations or allelic losses of the TP53 tumor suppressor gene and the overexpression of the bcl-2 oncogene. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are mesenchymal tumors, which are typically defined by the expression of c-KIT (CD117) and CD34 genes in the tumor cells. Although there are references to dispersants in the literature about patients with both non-Hodgkin lymphoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumors, there is no common molecular pathway between these two diseases. In conclusion, there is no indication that these two neoplasms are relevant on a molecular basis.

Coincident primary breast lymphoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumor: case series and molecular mechanisms

“…From a statistical perspective, it is noteworthy that the chance of these entities occurring together randomly iŝ4.5 per 100 billion if no interaction is assumed between these diagnoses. However, given the known association of GIST with NHL, it is more likely that as-of-yet unknown factors are driving the coincidence of GIST with PBL in these patients 10…”

Recent insights into the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in gastric cancer

“…11 In addition, mesenchymal tumors and B-cell lymphomas can also be found, although to a much lesser extent. 12,13 Herein GC will be used as synonym of gastric adenocarcinoma.…”

“…The great majority arise in glandular structures and are classified as adenocarcinomas 11 . In addition, mesenchymal tumors and B-cell lymphomas can also be found, although to a much lesser extent 12,13 . Herein GC will be used as synonym of gastric adenocarcinoma.…”

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor mesenchymal neoplasms: the offspring that choose the wrong path

“…Surgical treatment can be either laparoscopic or even endoscopic in case of patients who cannot be operated on or in patients with very small GISTs (<2 cm) 23. Surgery is used in three main situations: primary surgery after diagnosis, especially in solitary tumors; after neoadjuvant treatment;24 or, occasionally, for symptomatic relief in advanced metastatic disease (termed “debulking surgery”) 21. Poor response is usually observed following conventional chemo- and radiation therapy 21…”