Non-invasive archaeometallurgical approach to the investigations of bronze figurines using neutron, laser, and X-ray techniques

Agresti, J.; Osticioli, Iacopo; Guidotti, Maria Cristina; Kardjilov, Nikolay; Siano, Salvatore

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2015.10.030

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Given the importance of coins as archaeological remains, the characterization of their composition and manufacturing technique are analytical targets of interest usually achieved via chemical and metallographic analysis [8,9] accompanied by electron microscopy, diffraction, different spectroscopic techniques [10][11][12][13][14][15] and isotope analysis [16]. Direct analysis of the metal requires more or less invasive sampling through cross-sections with the concomitant limitations [17] prompting an increasingly growing interest in techniques that extract archaeometric information from the physico-chemical analysis of the metal patina [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid-state electrochemical characterization of emissions and authorities producing Roman brass coins

Fazio

Felici

Catalli³

et al. 2020

Microchemical Journal

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The voltammetry of immobilized particles (VIMP) is applied to describe the solid state electrochemistry of brass. This methodology, which involves sampling at the nanogram level, is applied to discriminate mints/authorities producing different Roman monetary emissions covering since the Republic (88 BCE) to Domitianus (55-96 CE) Upon attachment to graphite electrodes in contact with aqueous acetate buffer at pH 4.75, well defined voltammetric responses were obtained centered on Cu-and Zn-localized signals whose intensity can be correlated to EMP data, being sensitive to the contents of Zn (15-30 %wt) and Sn (0.01-1.1 %wt). Voltammetric data, combined with ATR-FTIR and FIB-FESEM/EDS, yield information on the structure of the metal patina and permit to characterize different monetary emissions being able, in the case of Augustus' sestertii, to discriminate between the productions from different monetary authorities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid-state electrochemical characterization of emissions and authorities producing Roman brass coins

Fazio

Felici

Catalli³

et al. 2020

Microchemical Journal

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“…In the present work, we exploited our experience in the development and application of portable LIBS devices in the field of cultural heritage [ 23 , 24 ] and mineral exploration [ 25 ] in order to approach practical characterization problems of the calcareous materials used in lime industry. A versatile portable LIBS was designed and built, to be used as both a handheld and a tabletop analytical tool, according to different operative setups, and then calibration and validation tests were successfully carried out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Compositional Analyses of Calcareous Rocks for Lime Industry Using LIBS

et al. 2022

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Here, the potential of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) in grading calcareous rocks for the lime industry was investigated. In particular, we developed a system equipped with non-intensified detectors operating in scanning mode, defined a suitable data acquisition protocol, and implemented quantitative data processing using both partial least squares regression (PLS-R) and a multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network. Tests were carried out on 32 samples collected in various limestone quarries, which were preliminarily analyzed using traditional laboratory X-ray fluorescence (XRF); then, they were divided into two groups for calibration and validation. Particular attention was dedicated to the development of LIBS methodology providing a reliable basis for precise material grading. The congruence of the results achieved demonstrates the capability of the present approach to precisely quantify major and minor geochemical components of calcareous rocks, thus disclosing a concrete application perspective within the lime industry production chain.

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“…In a word, the advantages of XRF, like the nondestructive feature and the qualitative and semiquantitative functions for elemental analysis, can be combined with the phase identification function of XRD, which may convert the traditionally destructive XRD to a nondestructive method suitable for specific objectives. Several research groups' work jointly advances the establishment and development of the relevant theories, the practical systems and the actual applications [36,[47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60]. According to a review, five systems are especially noteworthy [36]: the PT-APXRD system designed by Japanese researchers for identifying pigments on ancient Egyptian potteries [47]; the Assing S. p. A. commercial system installed at the Laboratorio di Analisi Non Distruttive In Situ (LANDIS), Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy, for characterising pigments present in ancient Roman frescos [48]; the CheMin instrument developed for National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)'s Mars Science Laboratory mission [49]; the Duetto instrument employed by the Getty Conservation Institute for characterising art objects and antiquities [50]; and the system used in the Louvre Museum for identifying pigments on a mural painting [51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, Assing S. p. A. (Italy) also makes significant efforts to develop and spread this technique [48,[58][59][60].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nondestructive identification of gemstones by using a portable XRF–XRD system: an illuminating study for expanding its application in museums

Shen

2020

SN Appl. Sci.

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Nine gemstone samples were analysed by using a portable X-ray fluorescence-X-ray diffraction (XRF-XRD) system without any destructive preparation processes. The samples were measured by groups based on the transparency and the complexity of molecular structure. The XRF and the XRD measurements for each sample were performed simultaneously.The key experimental parameters were optimized in order to obtain XRD patterns acceptable for phase identification in a limited time. The XRF spectrum of each sample was analysed first to acquire the elemental composition qualitatively, and the information was then applied to refining possible phases. The phase analysis process of each sample was described in detail and the most likely phases were determined. Normal XRD experiments were conducted in order to verify the results. Advantages, disadvantages and applicable range of the system were analysed. The results indicate that the portable XRF-XRD system can be applied to identifying particular gemstones effectively, while single-crystal gems may not be identified very well. Wider recognition and application of the portable XRF-XRD system in cultural heritage and gemological fields call for hardware development, software updating and more real application cases.

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Non-invasive archaeometallurgical approach to the investigations of bronze figurines using neutron, laser, and X-ray techniques

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

Solid-state electrochemical characterization of emissions and authorities producing Roman brass coins

Solid-state electrochemical characterization of emissions and authorities producing Roman brass coins

Quantitative Compositional Analyses of Calcareous Rocks for Lime Industry Using LIBS

Nondestructive identification of gemstones by using a portable XRF–XRD system: an illuminating study for expanding its application in museums

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