Non-linear, rate-dependent strain-hardening behavior of polymer glasses

Wendlandt, Michael; Tervoort, Theo A.; Suter, Ulrich W.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2005.08.079

Cited by 78 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…The experimental literature offers conflicting results on the rate dependence of strain hardening. Some experiments 6,16,39 show rate-dependent hardening, while others 37,50 do not. Most experiments are fit to additive constitutive laws like eq 11, but a multiplicative form like eq 10 has also been employed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A plurality of the experiments 7,15,16,30,31 most relevant to the present study have employed uniaxial compression; we therefore do the same. The systems are compressed along one direction, z, while maintaining zero stresses along the transverse (x, y) directions.…”

Section: Polymer Model and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,6,15,16,30,34,36,41,45 In all of these, the strain and rate dependence is assumed to be additive rather than multiplicative:…”

Section: Scaling Of G R With Flow Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is desirable to understand the results of van Melick et al and other recent experiments. 7,15,16 To examine chemistry-independent factors controlling G R , we use a generic coarse-grained bead-spring model. 17 The lower computational cost of this model allows us to simulate a wide variety of relatively large systems, allowing for good statistics and precise measurements of G R .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strain hardening of polymer glasses: Effect of entanglement density, temperature, and rate

Hoy

Robbins

2006

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

169

232

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ABSTRACT:The strain hardening behavior of model polymer glasses is studied with simulations over a wide range of entanglement densities, temperatures, strain rates, and chain lengths. Entangled polymers deform affinely at scales larger than the entanglement length as assumed in entropic network models of strain hardening. The dependence of strain hardening on strain and entanglement density is also consistent with these models, but the temperature dependence has the opposite trend. The dependence on temperature, rate, and interaction strength can instead be understood as reflecting changes in the flow stress. Microscopic analysis of local rearrangements and the primitive paths between entanglements is used to test models of strain hardening.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Polymer Model and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,6,15,16,30,34,36,41,45 In all of these, the strain and rate dependence is assumed to be additive rather than multiplicative:…”

Section: Scaling Of G R With Flow Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Strain hardening of polymer glasses: Effect of entanglement density, temperature, and rate

Hoy

Robbins

2006

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

169

232

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Most viscoelastic and viscoplastic constitutive models that describe strain hardening, e. g. Refs. [26,27], decompose λ into rubber-elastic and plastic parts, or use other internal state variables, but do not explicitly account for λ = λ ef f or the N -dependence of nonaffine relaxation [28]. In this paper we do so; λ ef f is treated as a mesoscopic (chain-level) internal state variable [28].…”

Section: A Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscoplasticity and large-scale chain relaxation in glassy-polymeric strain hardening

Hoy

O’Hern

2010

Phys. Rev. E

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A simple theory for glassy polymeric mechanical response that accounts for large scale chain relaxation is presented. It captures the crossover from perfect-plastic response to Gaussian strain hardening as the degree of polymerization N increases, without invoking entanglements. By relating hardening to interactions on the scale of monomers and chain segments, we correctly predict its magnitude. Strain activated relaxation arising from the need to maintain constant chain contour length reduces the characteristic relaxation time by a factor ∼ǫN during active deformation at strain rateǫ. This prediction is consistent with results from recent experiments and simulations, and we suggest how it may be further tested experimentally.

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An unexpected plasticization phenomenon and a constant of the change rate of viscoelastic properties for polymers during nanoindentation test

Tang

Hou

Truss

et al. 2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The effect of loading force, loading rate and unloading rate on the viscoelastic behavior of three representative polymers: poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA, amorphous polymer), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF, semicrystalline polymer), and epoxy (crosslinked polymer) have been investigated using nanoindentation. The results showed that the maximum indentation depth increased with the increase of loading force, and the relationship between loading force and depth became linear when the loading force is beyond 3000 lN. At the beginning, the plasticity index changed substantially with the increase of loading force, and after reaching a critical loading force, the plasticity index almost remained constant. The maximum indentation depth decreased with the increase of loading rate, which followed a power law curve. With the increase of loading rate, a plasticization phenomenon happened, and a possible reason is that the heat may accumulate and raise the local temperature. The plasticity index initially followed the power law with the increase of unloading rate and then almost remained constant. A constant, the change rate of viscoelastic properties with the unloading rate, for the three representative polymers studied in this research, around À0.033, has been obtained, which may be another manifestation of the phenomenon that many polymers have similar time/temperature shifts and that their WLF equation constants are approximately the same.

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Non-linear, rate-dependent strain-hardening behavior of polymer glasses

Cited by 78 publications

References 29 publications

Strain hardening of polymer glasses: Effect of entanglement density, temperature, and rate

Strain hardening of polymer glasses: Effect of entanglement density, temperature, and rate

Viscoplasticity and large-scale chain relaxation in glassy-polymeric strain hardening

An unexpected plasticization phenomenon and a constant of the change rate of viscoelastic properties for polymers during nanoindentation test

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