Non-muscle myosin II takes centre stage in cell adhesion and migration

Vicente‐Manzanares, Miguel; Ma, Xuefei; Adelstein, Robert S.; Horwitz, Alan Rick

doi:10.1038/nrm2786

Cited by 1,745 publications

(2,085 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…The variance of the QPD signal decreases when the adhesion contact is stabilized through the binding to a receptor, or by receptors clustering at the bead contact. The lowand high-frequency components of the bead motion are prevalently influenced by actin polymerization 26,27 and myosin II motor contraction 28 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HDAC6 and RhoA are novel players in Abeta-driven disruption of neuronal polarity

et al. 2015

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Maintenance of neuronal polarity and regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics are vital during development and to uphold synaptic activity in neuronal networks. Here we show that soluble b-amyloid (Ab) disrupts actin and microtubule (MT) dynamics via activation of RhoA and inhibition of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) in cultured hippocampal neurons. The contact of Ab with the extracellular membrane promotes RhoA activation, leading to growth cone collapse and neurite retraction, which might be responsible for hampered neuronal pathfinding and migration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The inhibition of HDAC6 by Ab increases the level of heterodimeric acetylated tubulin and acetylated tau, both of which have been found altered in AD. We also find that the loss of HDAC6 activity perturbs the integrity of axon initial segment (AIS), resulting in mislocalization of ankyrin G and increased MT instability in the AIS concomitant with loss of polarized localization of tau and impairment of action potential firing.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HDAC6 and RhoA are novel players in Abeta-driven disruption of neuronal polarity

et al. 2015

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“…Myosin IIa is a motor protein that assembles into 300 nm-long minifilaments containing several mechanically active heads on each side 24,25 . The myosin heads bind to actin and exert power strokes in the direction of the barbed end, sliding actin filaments towards the center of the myosin minifilament, thereby contracting the network.…”

Section: [H1] Structure Of the Cortical Cytoskeletonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytoskeletal control of B cell responses to antigens

Tolar

2017

Nat Rev Immunol

125

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The actin cytoskeleton is essential for cell mechanics and has increasingly been implicated in the regulation of cell signalling. In B cells, the actin cytoskeleton couples extensively to B cell receptor (BCR) signalling pathways and its defects can either enhance or suppress B cell activation. Recent insights from single-cell imaging and biophysical techniques suggest that actin orchestrates BCR signalling at the plasma membrane through effects on protein diffusion, and that it regulates antigen discrimination through the biomechanics of immune synapses. These mechanical functions also play a role in the adaptation of B cell subsets to specialized tasks during antibody responses.3

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“…54 Myosins constitute a superfamily of ATP-dependent motor proteins that play important roles in several cellular processes that require force and translocation 55 and within the cell regulates several function, including skeletal muscle contraction and differentiation. 56 In myoblast differentiation and fusion process, cells produces large amounts of contractile machinery proteins such as myosin heavy chain, two myosin light chain and two subunits of tropomyosin, 57 demonstrating the importance of contractile machinery in myoblast differentiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Assembly of Fibronectin Nanofibrils Triggered by Random Copolymer Chemistry

Mnatsakanyan

Rico

Grigoriou

et al. 2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Fibronectin fibrillogenesis is the physiological process by which cells elaborate a fibrous FN matrix. Poly(ethyl acrylate), PEA, has been described to induce a similar process upon simple adsorption of fibronectin (FN) from a protein solution -in the absence of cells -leading to the so-called material-driven fibronectin fibrillogenesis. Poly(methyl acrylate), PMA, is a polymer with very similar chemistry to PEA, on which FN is adsorbed keeping the globular conformation of the protein in solution. We have used radical polymerisation to synthesise copolymers with controlled EA/MA ratio seeking to modulate the degree of FN fibrillogenesis. The physico-chemical properties of the system were studied using dynamicmechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and water contact angle. Both the degree of FN fibrillogenesis and the availability of the integrin binding region of FN directly depend on the percentage of EA in the copolymer, whereas the same total amount of FN was adsorbed regardless the EA/MA ratio. Cell morphology adhesion and differentiation of murine C2C12 were shown to depend on the degree of FN fibrillogenesis previously attained on the material surface. Myogenic differentiation was enhanced on the copolymers with higher EA content, i.e. more interconnected FN fibrils.

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Non-muscle myosin II takes centre stage in cell adhesion and migration

Cited by 1,745 publications

References 154 publications

HDAC6 and RhoA are novel players in Abeta-driven disruption of neuronal polarity

HDAC6 and RhoA are novel players in Abeta-driven disruption of neuronal polarity

Cytoskeletal control of B cell responses to antigens

Controlled Assembly of Fibronectin Nanofibrils Triggered by Random Copolymer Chemistry

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