In
this paper, the structural, optical, and thermal properties
of n-type (100), p-type (100), and (111) mesoporous silicon (MePSi)
are reported. The mesoporous silicon was prepared by an electrochemical
process from the bulk silicon wafer. Depending on the etching depth,
analyses show that the porosity of p-type (111) increased by 32 to
40% compared to p-type (100) which, in turn, increased by 22 to 48%
compared to n-type (100). The structure morphology and the abundance
of Si–O
x
and Si–H
y
also depended heavily on the type and crystal orientation
of MePSi. The thermal properties of the MePSi layers such as thermal
conductivity (κ), volumetric heat capacity (ρC
p), and thermal contact resistance (R
th) were determined using the pulsed photothermal method.
The thermal conductivity of bulk silicon dropped sharply after etching,
decreasing by more than 20-fold in the case of n-type (100) and by
over 45-fold for p-type (100) and (111). According to the percolation
model depending on both porosity and phonon confinement, the drop
in thermal conductivity was mainly due to the nanostructure formation
after etching. Thermal investigations showed that the volumetric heat
capacity (ρC
p) followed the barycentric
model which depends mainly on the porosity. The thermal contact resistances
of MePSi layers were estimated to be in the range of 1 × 10–8 to 1 × 10–7 K·m2·W–1.