Non-pathogenic Neisseria: members of an abundant, multi-habitat, diverse genus

Liu, Guangyu; Tang, Christoph M.; Exley, Rachel M.

doi:10.1099/mic.0.000086

Cited by 195 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonococci [GC]) and Neisseria meningitidis (meningococci [MC]) are considered human-restricted pathogens, whereas N. cinerea, N. elongata, N. flavescens, N. lactamica, N. mucosa, N. polysaccharea, N. sicca, and N. subflava are considered nonpathogenic. The nonpathogenic species colonize the nasopharynges and oral cavities of healthy people (1)(2)(3). In rare cases, these species disseminate to cause endocarditis or septic infection in immunocompromised individuals or trauma patients (4).…”

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confidence: 99%

Neisseria gonorrhoeae Crippled Its Peptidoglycan Fragment Permease To Facilitate Toxic Peptidoglycan Monomer Release

Chan

Dillard

2016

J Bacteriol

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Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonococci) and Neisseria meningitidis (meningococci) are human pathogens that cause gonorrhea and meningococcal meningitis, respectively. Both N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis release a number of small peptidoglycan (PG) fragments, including proinflammatory PG monomers, although N. meningitidis releases fewer PG monomers. The PG fragments released by N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis are generated in the periplasm during cell wall remodeling, and a majority of these fragments are transported into the cytoplasm by an inner membrane permease, AmpG; however, a portion of the PG fragments are released into the extracellular environment through unknown mechanisms. We previously reported that the expression of meningococcal ampG in N. gonorrhoeae reduced PG monomer release by gonococci. This finding suggested that the efficiency of AmpG-mediated PG fragment recycling regulates the amount of PG fragments released into the extracellular milieu. We determined that three AmpG residues near the C-terminal end of the protein modulate AmpG's efficiency. We also investigated the association between PG fragment recycling and release in two species of human-associated nonpathogenic Neisseria: N. sicca and N. mucosa. Both N. sicca and N. mucosa release lower levels of PG fragments and are more efficient at recycling PG fragments than N. gonorrhoeae. Our results suggest that N. gonorrhoeae has evolved to increase the amounts of toxic PG fragments released by reducing its PG recycling efficiency. IMPORTANCENeisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis are human pathogens that cause highly inflammatory diseases, although N. meningitidis is also frequently found as a normal member of the nasopharyngeal microbiota. Nonpathogenic Neisseria, such as N. sicca and N. mucosa, also colonize the nasopharynx without causing disease. Although all four species release peptidoglycan fragments, N. gonorrhoeae is the least efficient at recycling and releases the largest amount of proinflammatory peptidoglycan monomers, partly due to differences in the recycling permease AmpG. Studying the interplay between bacterial physiology (peptidoglycan metabolism) and pathogenesis (release of toxic monomers) leads to an increased understanding of how different bacterial species maintain asymptomatic colonization or cause disease and may contribute to efforts to mitigate disease. T en species in the genus Neisseria are associated with humans. Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonococci [GC]) and Neisseria meningitidis (meningococci [MC]) are considered human-restricted pathogens, whereas N. cinerea, N. elongata, N. flavescens, N. lactamica, N. mucosa, N. polysaccharea, N. sicca, and N. subflava are considered nonpathogenic. The nonpathogenic species colonize the nasopharynges and oral cavities of healthy people (1-3). In rare cases, these species disseminate to cause endocarditis or septic infection in immunocompromised individuals or trauma patients (4). N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis share many infection-related factors with ...

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Neisseria gonorrhoeae Crippled Its Peptidoglycan Fragment Permease To Facilitate Toxic Peptidoglycan Monomer Release

Chan

Dillard

2016

J Bacteriol

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“…Éstas últimas fueron descritas en 1906 por von Lingelsheim, quién identificó N. cinerea, N. sicca, N. flava y N. subflava. Posteriormente, se identificó N. lactamica, que se relaciona estrechamente con N. meningitidis 8 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Bacteriemia por Neisseria subflava en un recién nacido

Rivacoba

Izquierdo²,

Zenteno

et al. 2017

Rev. chil. infectol.

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“…Several commensal species of the genus Neisseria are rod-shaped (e.g. Neisseria elongata, Neisseria weaveri, Neisseria shayeganii, Neisseria bacilliformis, Neisseria zoodegmatis, Neisseria animaloris) (Ganiere et al, 1995;Liu et al, 2015;Veyrier et al, 2015), but there are no reports, to our knowledge, of sheath-like structures associated with cells of members of the genus Neisseria. The surfaces of smooth and rough variants were decorated with fibres, with rough variant fibres being shorter and less abundant.…”

Section: A Detailed Analysis Of Ap2031mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At least ten commensal species of the genus Neisseria are known to colonize humans, and an equal number or more have been isolated from, or detected in, a wide range of animals (Bennett et al, 2014a;Liu et al, 2015). Commensal species of the genus Neisseria have been isolated from the oropharynx and urogenital tract of man, the oral cavity and throat of guinea pigs, the liver and faeces of ducks, the oral cavity and dental plaque of cows, the upper respiratory tract and lung of dogs, and the oral cavity of a rhesus macaque (see Table 2 in Liu et al, 2015;Barrett & Sneath, 1994 Many aspects of Neisseria-host interactions can be more readily dissected using a small animal model, for example, by pairing the genetically tractable mouse, Mus musculus, with a species of the genus Neisseria that naturally colonizes the animal.…”

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confidence: 99%