Non-pharmacological interventions to promote the sleep of patients after cardiac surgery: a systematic review

Abstract

Objective:to analyze evidence available in the literature concerning non-pharmacological interventions that are effective to treat altered sleep patterns among patients who underwent cardiac surgery. Method:systematic review conducted in the National Library of Medicine-National Institutes of Health, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Scopus, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and PsycINFO databases, and also grey literature. Results:ten controlled, randomized clinical trials were included in this review. Non-pharmacological interventions were grouped into three main categories, namely: relaxation techniques, devices or equipment to minimize sleep interruptions and/or induce sleep, and educational strategies. Significant improvement was found in the scores assessing sleep quality among studies testing interventions such as earplugs, sleeping masks, muscle relaxation, posture and relaxation training, white noise, and educational strategies. In regard to the studies’ methodological quality, high quality studies as established by Jadad scoring were not found. Conclusion:significant improvement was found among the scores assessing sleep in the studies testing interventions such as earplugs, sleeping masks, muscle relaxation, posture and relaxation training, white noise and music, and educational strategies.

Construction and validation of a sleep hygiene booklet for the elderly

“…Individualized educational intervention effectiveness on self-care for sleep is demonstrated in a randomized clinical trial conducted in Sweden (22) , as well as found in a systematic review on the efficacy of non-drug interventions for sleep improvement, which indicates that educational strategies have been used successfully (23) . In this perspective, the relevance of the existence of an educative resource, constructed and validated, that can be used in health education about sleep.…”

Repercussões glicêmicas do banho no leito de doentes oncológicos graves: ensaio clínico

“…A realização do banho no leito provocou redução na glicemia mediana de doentes oncológicos internados na UTI, e, com isso, sugere-se sua efetivação como medida não farmacológica complementar para o controle glicêmico desses doentes. A utilização de medidas não farmacológicas apresenta bons resultados sobre outros desfechos clínicos, ainda Development, v. 9, n. 8, e08985353, 2020 (CC BY 4.0) | ISSN 2525-3409 | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i8.5353 que combinadas à utilização de fármacos, como melhora do sono de pacientes submetidos à cirurgias cardíacas (Machado, Souza, Poveda, & Costa, 2017) e no manejo da dor (Mota & Cunha, 2014), inclusive no paciente oncológico (Rocha, et al, 2015).…”

Postoperative sleep disorders and their potential impacts on surgical outcomes

“…The review found some evidence that the use of eye masks or earplugs may have favorable effects on sleep and the incidence of delirium in adults in the ICU setting [ 105 ] . A more recent systematic review found that earplugs, eye masks, relaxation training and white noise or music were associated with increased sleep quality, however high quality studies as assessed by the Jadad score were absent [ 106 ] . A recent randomized controlled trial found that perioperative psychological support increased the postoperative quality of sleep and quality of life in patients following esophagectomy [ 107 ] .…”