Non-pharmacological measures implemented in the setting of long-term care facilities to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections and their consequences: a rapid review

Stratil, Jan M.; Biallas, Renke L; Burns, Jacob; Arnold, Laura; Geffert, Karin; Kunzler, Angela; Monsef, Ina; Stadelmaier, Julia; Wabnitz, Katharina; Movsisyan, Ani

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd015085

Cited by 15 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“… 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 To date, a large amount of evidence has been accumulated on effective strategies to contain and prevent the spread of COVID‐19 in ACFs. 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 Assessing the real‐world impact of infection prevention measures in nursing homes is complicated but, at the same time, critical if the aim is to resume welfare systems and health care delivery systems as they were prior to the pandemic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of a city‐wide COVID‐19 prevention strategy for aged‐care facilities during third and fifth waves of COVID‐19 in Kyoto City, Kyoto, Japan

Nagao

Matsumura

Yamamoto

et al. 2022

Influenza Resp Viruses

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Background During the third wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic at the end of 2020, clusters occurred frequently in aged‐care facilities (ACFs), which put pressure on the medical field in Japan. Based on this experience, Kyoto University and Kyoto City collaborated to promote a citywide COVID‐19 prevention strategy to prevent the spread of COVID‐19 within ACFs. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of the prevention strategy among ACFs in Kyoto City during the third and fifth waves of the pandemic. Methods During the study period, the following measures were adopted as the prevention strategy in all ACFs: (1) active polymerase chain reaction (PCR) mass testing and facility‐wide testing when a single case was identified, (2) implementation of strategies to prevent transmission within a facility, and (3) vaccination program for ACFs. Results Of the 1,144 facilities subjected to the mass testing, 71.0% participated in the whole program including active PCR testing. The remainder participated in the rest of the programs. The prevalence of ACF‐related COVID‐19 cases among total COVID‐19 cases in Kyoto City decreased from 7.9% in the third wave to 4.1% in the fourth wave and 2.1% in the fifth wave. The incidence of clusters and proportion of severe elderly cases also decreased during the study period. Conclusions A city‐wide multidisciplinary effort including PCR mass testing and a vaccination program in cooperation with a university and local administrative office successfully reduced the clusters and transmission in ACFs in Kyoto City, Japan.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of a city‐wide COVID‐19 prevention strategy for aged‐care facilities during third and fifth waves of COVID‐19 in Kyoto City, Kyoto, Japan

Nagao

Matsumura

Yamamoto

et al. 2022

Influenza Resp Viruses

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“…Our evidence mapping revealed a significant gap in the studies conducted in long‐term care facilities. This contrasts with a Cochrane rapid review specifically focused on studies conducted in the setting of long‐term care facilities to prevent SARS‐CoV‐2 infections [48]. However, it is important to note that the objective of this review differed from our own.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Effectiveness of SARS‐CoV‐2 testing strategies: A scoping review

Saif‐Ur‐Rahman,

Movsisyan,

Kothari

et al. 2023

Cochrane Evidence Synthesis and Methods

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IntroductionRapid identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infections by testing potentially reduced coronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐19) cases. Testing strategies varied across countries and during different stages of the pandemic. This scoping review aims to map the available evidence on the effectiveness of SARS‐CoV‐2 testing strategies for suspected cases and asymptomatic populations to inform the development of World Health Organization recommendations for SARS‐CoV‐2 testing strategies.MethodsWe followed the standard methods for scoping reviews. We searched Medline (OVID), EMBASE (Elsevier), and Europe PMC using a comprehensive search strategy. The search was conducted in January 2023 and covered the period from January 2020 to January 2023. Two review authors independently screened the titles and abstracts, and full texts. Data were extracted onto a pilot‐tested form by a review author and cross‐checked by another review author. We provided a descriptive report summarizing the extracted data around the outcomes and created an interactive map of the available evidence using the evidence for policy and practice mapper.ResultsWe identified 34,550 citations from the databases. After the screening, we included 17 studies from 11 countries for data extraction. The study designs were randomized controlled trials (n = 3), nonrandomized experimental studies (n = 3), cohort studies (n = 3), cross‐sectional studies (n = 4), self‐controlled case series (n = 1), and economic evaluations (n = 3). Among the included studies, 14 used reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and 10 studies used antigen‐detecting rapid diagnostic test. The settings of the studies were healthcare facilities (n = 8), communities (n = 4), schools, and workplaces (n = 3). Included studies considered symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals, or both, or asymptomatic contacts. Most of the studies (n = 14) reported the COVID‐19 positivity rate as the primary outcome. Other reported outcomes are the number of COVID‐19 cases (n = 11), number of hospitalizations and deaths (n = 3), and cost (n = 3).ConclusionWe identified evidence gaps in the effectiveness of SARS‐CoV‐2 testing strategies, particularly in specific settings such as schools and long‐term care facilities. This scoping review provides a foundation for further research, allowing researchers and stakeholders to focus on addressing the identified gaps.

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“…Strict infection prevention and transmission control measures have demonstrated to be effective in managing SARS-CoV2 outbreaks in the setting of long-term care facilities [14]. However, it is well known that social isolation and loneliness may lead to patients' distress, depression, functional and cognitive decline, with a consequent negative impact on well-being of both NH residents and their families.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of SARS-CoV2 infection on mortality and hospitalization in nursing home residents during the “Omicron era”

et al. 2023

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Background Widespread vaccination and emergence of less aggressive SARS-CoV2 variants may have blunted the unfavourable outcomes of COVID-19 in nursing home (NH) residents. We analysed the course of COVID-19 epidemic in NHs of Florence, Italy, during the "Omicron era" and investigated the independent effect of SARS-CoV2 infection on death and hospitalization risk. Methods Weekly SARS-CoV2 infection rates between November 2021 and March 2022 were calculated. Detailed clinical data were collected in a sample of NHs. Results Among 2044 residents, 667 SARS-CoV2 cases were confirmed. SARS-CoV2 incidence sharply increased during the Omicron era. Mortality rates did not differ between SARS-CoV2-positive (6.9%) and SARS-CoV2-negative residents (7.3%, p = 0.71). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and poor functional status, but not SARS-CoV2 infection independently predicted death and hospitalization. Conclusions Despite that SARS-CoV2 incidence increased during the Omicron era, SARS-CoV2 infection was not a significant predictor of hospitalization and death in the NH setting.

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Non-pharmacological measures implemented in the setting of long-term care facilities to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections and their consequences: a rapid review

Cited by 15 publications

References 61 publications

Analysis of a city‐wide COVID‐19 prevention strategy for aged‐care facilities during third and fifth waves of COVID‐19 in Kyoto City, Kyoto, Japan

Analysis of a city‐wide COVID‐19 prevention strategy for aged‐care facilities during third and fifth waves of COVID‐19 in Kyoto City, Kyoto, Japan

Effectiveness of SARS‐CoV‐2 testing strategies: A scoping review

Impact of SARS-CoV2 infection on mortality and hospitalization in nursing home residents during the “Omicron era”

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