Non-protein components of the cell surface of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>

James, A. M.; Brewer, J. E.

doi:10.1042/bj1070817

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…With walls of Mg2+-limited B. subtilis organisms, the pH titration curve showed three prominant areas of buffering ( Fig. 3 a) ; one in the region of pH 2-2 (due to primary phosphate groups), one at pH 3.6 (due to carboxyl groups) and one at pH 5-8 (also possibly due to phosphate) (see Galdiero, 1968;James & Brewer, 1968). In contrast, the walls of PO&--limited B. subtilis organisms lacked buffering at pH 2.2 and 5-8 but had a greatly increased buffering capacity at pH 3-4 (Fig.…”

Section: J L Meers and D W T E M P E S Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Growth-limiting Substrate and Medium NaCl Concentration on the Synthesis of Magnesium-binding Sites in the Walls of Bacillus subtilis var. niger

Meers¹,

Tempest²

1970

Journal of General Microbiology

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A comparative study has been made of the influence of growth environment on the properties of the walls of Bacillus subtilis var. niger organisms, particularly with respect to ability to bind magnesium ions. The medium NaCl concentration and the nature of the growth-limiting substrate, in chemostat cultures, both affected markedly the subsequent affinity and capacity of the bacterial walls for Mg2+ adsorption. These changes correlated with differences in the phosphate content of the walls, which in turn related largely to changes in wall teichoic acid content. Thus it seemed that whenever a constraint to the adsorption of Mg2+ was applied (either by growing the organisms in a Mg2+-limited environment, or in one containing high concentrations of a competing ion), walls were synthesized that had an increased teichoic acid content and an increased affinity for magnesium ions. These results support the thesis that anionic polymers in the walls of Bacillus organisms (i.e. teichoic acids and teichuronic acids) are involved in cation assimilation.

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Section: J L Meers and D W T E M P E S Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Growth-limiting Substrate and Medium NaCl Concentration on the Synthesis of Magnesium-binding Sites in the Walls of Bacillus subtilis var. niger

Meers¹,

Tempest²

1970

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…In salt solutions the salt provides the counterions and, if the concentration is large, co-ions as well. A molecular rearrangement must accompany this change in counterion provision (11). For example, teichoic acid is rod shaped in distilled water but assumes a random coil shape in salt solution (8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of Bacillus subtilis cell walls: effects of ions and lysozyme

1991

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Bacterial threads of BacUlus subtilis have been immersed in, and redrawn from, water of various pH values, in solutions of (NH4)2SO4 and NaCI of various concentrations, and in Iysozyme solutions. The changes in the tensile strength, elastic modulus, and other mechanical properties of the bacterial cell wall due to these treatments were obtained. The data show that change in pH has little effect but that as the salt concentration is increased, the cell walls become more ductile. A high salt concentration (1 M NaCI) can reduce the modulus by a factor of 26 to 13.5 MPa at 81% relative humidity and the strength by a factor of only 2.5. Despite attacking the septal-wall region of the cellular filaments, Iysozyme has no effect on the mechanical properties. There is no significant change in the stress relaxation behavior due to any of the treatments. The dependence of mechanical properties on the salt concentration is discussed in terms of the polyelectrolyte nature of cell walls. The evidence presented in this and the accompanying paper (J. J. Thwaites and U. C. Surana, J. Bacteriol., 173:197-203, 1991) supports the idea that the peptidoglycan in bacterial cell wall is an entanglement network with a large degree of molecular flexibility, with some order but no regular structure.

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“…Similar maximain pH-mobility curves have been found in B. subtilis var. niger (Neihof & Echols, 1973) and in certain strains of S. aureus (James & Brewer, 1968), and have been attributed to a pH-dependent reversible rearrangement of teichoic acid molecules on the cell surface. The presence of strongly acidic groups on the surface of the B. subtilis W23 walls containing teichoic acid is indicated by their retention of high mobility, and hence of negat'ive charge, at pH2.5.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binding of magnesium ions to cell walls of Bacillus subtilis W23 containing teichoic acid or teichuronic acid

Heckels¹,

Lambert²,

Baddiley³

1977

Biochemical Journal

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When grown in a chemostat under various nutritional conditions, cells of Bacillus subtilis W23 produce walls containing teichoic acid or teichuronic acid. The binding of Mg2+ to these walls and to the isolated anionic polymers in solution was measured by equilibrium dialysis. In solution the ribitol teichoic acid bound Mg2+ in the molar ratio Mg2+/P=1:1 with an apparent association constant (Kassoc.) of 0.61 X 10(3)M-1, and the teichuronic acid bound Mg2+ in the ratio Mg2+/CO2-=1.1, Kassoc.=0.3 X 10(3)M-1. Cell walls containing teichuronic acid exhibited closely similar binding properties to those containing teichoic acid; in both cases Mg2+ was bound in the ratio Mg/P or Mg/CO2- of 0.5:1 and with a greater affinity than displayed by the isolated polymers in solution. It was concluded that Mg2+ ions are bound bivalently between anionic centres in the walls and that the incorporation of teichoic acid or teichuronic acid into the walls gives rise to similar ion-binding and charged properties. The results are discussed in relation to the possible functions of anionic polymers in cell walls.

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Non-protein components of the cell surface of Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

The Influence of Growth-limiting Substrate and Medium NaCl Concentration on the Synthesis of Magnesium-binding Sites in the Walls of Bacillus subtilis var. niger

The Influence of Growth-limiting Substrate and Medium NaCl Concentration on the Synthesis of Magnesium-binding Sites in the Walls of Bacillus subtilis var. niger

Mechanical properties of Bacillus subtilis cell walls: effects of ions and lysozyme

Binding of magnesium ions to cell walls of Bacillus subtilis W23 containing teichoic acid or teichuronic acid

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