Non-REM sleep in major depressive disorder

Bovy, Leonore; Weber, Frederik D.; Tendolkar, Indira; Fernández, Guillén; Czisch, Michael; Steiger, A.; Zeising, Marcel; Dresler, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103275

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…In this study, PSG results showed that the overall distribution of sleep e ciency was higher in the healthy control group than the other three groups, suggesting that patients in RBD still lack continuity of sleep even if clinical symptoms are reduced or even disappeared, and that some of them still need to use medication to ensure the quality of their sleep, and that sleep disturbances may remain as residual symptoms of remission as a circadian rhythm disorder. Previous studies have shown prolonged sleep latency and reduced REM latency in patients with bipolar depressive episodes, and prolonged sleep latency in patients with bipolar remission [24], increased REM phase duration, decreased REM latency and decreased slow wave sleep [25] were shown in patients with MDD. In contrast, our results…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Correlation of Melatonin and Cortisol in Bipolar Depression: A Preliminary Small-Sample Study

Liu,

Chen,

2024

Preprint

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【Background】 To dynamically monitor the plasma melatonin and cortisol levels in patients with bipolar depressive episodes, to improve polysomnography, and to analyze the circadian rhythm characteristics of patients with bipolar depression, we explore the value of circadian rhythm disorders diagnosed bipolar depression.【Methods】A total of 54 subjects were included, comprising 16 cases of bipolar depression, 12 cases of unipolar depression, 11 cases of bipolar depression in remission, and 15 healthy controls. High-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to detect the plasma melatonin and cortisol levels of the four groups at 8 am, 12 am, 4 pm, 8 pm, and polysomnography were determined. 【Results】 The plasma melatonin levels at 8 am in the bipolar depression group were higher than those in the unipolar depression group at 8 am(mean difference = 22.504, t = 2.833, P = 0.014), but the plasma melatonin levels at 8pm were lower than those in the unipolar depression group at 8pm(mean difference = -2.471, t = -2.506, P = 0.006). And the plasma cortisol levels in the bipolar depressive episode group at 8 am (mean difference = 57.411, t = 2.623, P = 0.001), 12 pm (mean difference = 39.276, t = 2.879, P < 0.001), and 8 pm (mean difference = 62.692, t = 2.697, P = 0.001) were higher than those in the unipolar depression group at the same time. 【Conclusion】Patients with bipolar depression have a dysregulation of plasma melatonin and cortisol levels, with circadian rhythm disturbances, and these disturbances may contribute to the diagnosis of bipolar depression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Correlation of Melatonin and Cortisol in Bipolar Depression: A Preliminary Small-Sample Study

Liu,

Chen,

2024

Preprint

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“…We retrospectively analyzed polysomnographic recordings from our previous studies (Bovy et al, 2022; Rosenblum et al, 2023 a, Tables 1 – 2):…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Demographic and sleep characteristics of the patients, medication treatment and polysomnographic devices are described in our previous works (Bovy et al, 2022; Rosenblum et al, 2023 a). Here, Supplementary Table S5 (Supplementary Material 2) presents medication treatment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, Supplementary Table S5 (Supplementary Material 2) presents medication treatment. In Rosenblum et al (2023 a), Datasets A, B and C are referred to as the Replication Dataset 2, Main Dataset and Replication Dataset 1, respectively; in Bovy et al (2022), the naming is the same as here. All studies were approved by the Ethics committee of the University of Munich.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Datasets 1 -3: 40, 40 and 33 healthy controls from three independent sleep studies in MDD conducted at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Germany. These datasets are described in Rosenblum et al (2023 a) and Bovy et al (2022). In addition, these participants are used as controls in MDD datasets A -C described below.…”

Section: Healthy Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fractal cycles of sleep: a new aperiodic activity-based definition of sleep cycles

Rosenblum¹,

Esfahani

Adelhöfer

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Textbooks define the classical sleep cycle as an episode of non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep followed by an episode of REM sleep; sometimes, a REM episode can be "skipped". While sleep cycles are considered fundamental components of sleep, their functional significance remains to a large extent unclear. One of the reasons for a lack of research progress in the field is the absence of a data-driven definition. Here, we propose to reset the scientific definition of sleep cycles on fractal (aperiodic) neural activity as a well-established marker of arousal and sleep stages, arguing that this will considerably advance the field. Methods: We used electroencephalography to compute fractal slopes and explore their temporal dynamics over the course of nocturnal sleep. We defined the "fractal cycle of sleep" as a time interval during which fractal slopes descend from their local maximum to their local minimum and then lead back to the next local maximum. Next, we assessed the correspondence between the "fractal" and "classical" sleep cycles, including "skipped" cycles. Finally, we explored fractal cycles in childhood and adolescence, a life period with ongoing sleep architecture changes, as well as in major depressive disorder, a clinical condition characterized by disturbed sleep architecture. Results: Timings of "fractal" and "classical" cycles coincided in 763/940 (81%) cases and their durations (89±34 min vs 90±25 min) correlated positively (r=0.5, p<0.001). The fractal cycle algorithm detected "skipped" cycles in 53/55 (96%) cases. In adults (range: 18-75 years, n=205), the "fractal" cycle duration and participant's age correlated negatively (r=-0.2, p=0.006). Children and adolescents (range: 8-17 years, n=21) had shorter "fractal" cycles compared to young adults (range: 23-25 years, n=24) (mean: 76±34 vs 94±32 min, p<0.001). 38 unmedicated patients with depression showed shorter "fractal" cycles compared to their own medicated state (92±38 min vs 107±51 min, p<0.001). 111 medicated patients showed longer "fractal" cycles compared to 109 matched controls (104±49 vs 88±31 min, p<0.001). Conclusions: We show that "fractal cycles" are an objective, quantifiable and biologically plausible way to display sleep neural activity and its cycles, able to provide additional information compared to hypnograms. Likewise, "fractal cycles" can be used to study the effect of antidepressants on sleep.

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Recent Evidence of Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Oscillation Abnormalities in Psychiatric Disorders

Mayeli,

Sanguineti,

Ferrarelli

2024

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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Non-REM sleep in major depressive disorder

Cited by 12 publications

References 78 publications

Correlation of Melatonin and Cortisol in Bipolar Depression: A Preliminary Small-Sample Study

Correlation of Melatonin and Cortisol in Bipolar Depression: A Preliminary Small-Sample Study

Fractal cycles of sleep: a new aperiodic activity-based definition of sleep cycles

Recent Evidence of Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Oscillation Abnormalities in Psychiatric Disorders

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