Non-Steady State Moisture Diffusion Flow in Homogenous Pineapple Leaves Particleboard

Abstract

Non steady state diffusion flow is unstable movement of moisture in a material which changes with respect to time. Diffusion coefficient describes the rate at which water moves from the interior to the surface of the materials. Absorption and desorption are the variables that are used to determine the diffusion coefficient. Understanding of the water absorption and desorption is important since it affects the mechanical properties of materials such as strength and durability properties. Water absorption and desorption of the materials or products intended for drying are important for the design and operation of dryers such as kiln drying and other processing system. Nowadays, the processing of solid wood into finish product is decreasing due to increase in the cost of solid wood and insufficient supply of quality logs. Agricultural waste such as pineapple leaves is one of the potential raw materials that can be used in particleboards manufacturing. Pineapple leaves particleboards were produced and the diffusion of coefficient of water absorption, percentage thickness swelling and percentage thickness shrinking were determined. Diffusion coefficient was determined based on the absorption and desorption rate. The particleboards manufacturing followed BS EN 326 and testing of samples was in accordance with BS EN 317. The difference in thickness of particleboard has great influence on physical properties. In this study the particleboard made of 1 cm has the lowest water absorption compared with 2 cm particle board and has highest thickness shrinking.

Resin Matrix Composition on the Performance of Brake Pads Made from Durian Seeds: From Computational Bibliometric Literature Analysis to Experiment

“…Brake pad samples with high resin mixtures should have higher density and strength but we found that in lower BD samples this could be due to low-density composites having more voids, porosities, and spaces within the composite's components. However, we need to do further research to confirm this result, and it will be done in our future research [42]. The DA samples had the highest density, which was due to the closer packing of the BD particles, which created more homogeneity across the whole-body composite phase.…”

“…The coefficient of friction (μ) is the ratio of the frictional force (f; Newton) to the applied force (N; Newton), which is expressed in the form of Eq. 3 below [42].…”

“…The DA samples had the highest density, which was due to the closer packing of the BD particles, which created more homogeneity across the whole-body composite phase. Data regarding density will be more valid if studied using SEM and EDX will be more valid [42] than using FTIR and digital microscopes. However, due to limitations in accessing the analysis, we are still unable to use SEM and EDX in pore testing.…”