Non-unique population dynamics: basic patterns

Kaitala, Veijo; Ylikarjula, Janica; Heino, Mikko

doi:10.1016/s0304-3800(00)00357-4

Cited by 30 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Therefore, my results provide support for the hypothesis that maternal effects act as a mechanism that leads to cyclic fluctuations in small mammal populations (Inchausti and Ginzburg 1998), and potentially other groups that show cyclic fluctuations, including forest Lepidoptera (Ginzburg and Taneyhill 1994), although there is still considerable discussion ongoing on this topic (Korpimäki et al 2003, Lambin and Graham 2003, Oli 2003b). Another point of interest in these results is the existence of non‐unique attractors in the dynamics (Hastings 1993, Kaitala and Heino 1996, Kaitala et al 2000). We can see from Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between maternal effects and dispersal

Fowler¹

2005

Oikos

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Fowler, M. S. 2005. Interactions between maternal effects and dispersal. Á/ Oikos 110: 81 Á/90.Maternal effects and spatial processes are rightly recognised as being of great importance in the life histories of a number of different organisms. Previously, little effort has been made for investigating the potential for changes to arise from interactions between these two crucial processes. Here I tested the outcome of introducing a maternal effect on a population of dispersing organisms in different ways, under both spatially homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions, through novel modification of a well-known population model. First, I proposed that parents contribute a proportion of offspring based on their own developmental experience. This is applied to dispersing organisms as well as those that remain in their natal patch to breed. I go on to ask how the density of dispersing offspring might be influenced by a maternal effect. What happens if parents that developed under relatively good (or bad) conditions compared to current conditions invest in dispersing offspring? This relaxes the assumption that populations have perfect knowledge of the local carrying capacity. The results highlight an interesting range of outcomes. By introducing a maternal effect into the potential future reproductive output otherwise highly unstable population dynamics were simplified (but not stabilised). If maternal effects affect dispersal decisions, it is possible for regular cycles with a period consistent with many examples from ecological time-series' to arise. These results are in agreement with previous studies, however, by investigating the effects in different aspects of life history, it is possible to predict the direction of the impact on population dynamics. This work also highlights the potential for regular cycles in population dynamics to arise due to maternal effects, in agreement with recent field studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between maternal effects and dispersal

Fowler¹

2005

Oikos

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“…The signatures of all these deterministic entities potentially become part of the observed stochastic time series records (Earn et al 2000). Without the benefit of an understanding of the underlying deterministic and stochastic forces, such time series are very difficult to interpret (Kaitala et al 1999, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basins of attraction: population dynamics with two stable 4‐cycles

Henson

Costantino

Desharnais

et al. 2002

Oikos

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We use the concepts of composite maps, basins of attraction, basin switching, and saddle fly-by's to make the ecological hypothesis of the existence of multiple attractors more accessible to experimental scrutiny. Specifically, in a periodically forced insect population growth model we identify multiple attractors, namely, two locally stable 4-cycles. Using the model-predicted basins of attraction, we examine data time series from a Tribolium experiment for evidence of the multiple attractors. We conclude that the multiple attractor hypothesis together with demographic stochasticity accounts for the experimental observations.

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“…Species are often structured in different size classes and trophic groups or experience different growth stages that do not necessarily interact directly during their life cycle (Wilbur 1996). Introducing several levels of density dependence within the same life cycle loop drastically changes the dynamical properties of the equilibrium, compared with simpler models of only one source of density dependence (Bellows 1982, Kot and Schaffer 1984, Prout and McChesney 1985, Rodriguez 1988, Burkey and Stenseth 1994, Astrom et al 1996, Hellriegel 2000, Kaitala et al 2000.…”

Section: Nested Density Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

Population Dynamics and Conservation of a Specialized Predator: A Case Study of Maculinea Arion

Mouquet

Thomas

Elmes

et al. 2005

Ecological Monographs

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We employ an empirically motivated “case model” approach to investigate the theoretical foundations for the conservation of the endangered butterfly Maculinea arion. Maculinea butterflies have highly specialized larvae that sequentially exploit a plant and an ant species. Our study establishes that M. arion's specialized life cycle, including scramble competition for limiting resources, and the spatially discrete nature of its resources, make it more sensitive to environmental variation and more prone to local extinction than other univoltine phytophagous species. We find that the number and spatial distribution of the butterfly's resources are key factors in their population dynamics, especially for M. arion populations in habitats associated with high larval survival and high adult fecundity. Factors that increase juvenile competition have first a positive effect on adult population size, but beyond a threshold this effect becomes negative. In general, oscillatory dynamics emerge for high potential growth rates and spatially homogeneous juvenile competition. We discuss the relevance of our results to population management, investigate the consequences of environmental variation, and consider different scenarios of conservation. Our model, although based on the Maculinea genus, should apply to a broad range of species for which the form of competitive interactions changes predictably at distinct points in the life cycle. Complex life cycles can lead to negative feedbacks involving parameters that are usually thought to optimize population size. We suggest that conservation strategies are neither generalizable for the Maculinea genus nor for disparate populations of each species of Maculinea, and rather that management should be conducted on a case‐by‐case basis.

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Non-unique population dynamics: basic patterns

Cited by 30 publications

References 27 publications

Interactions between maternal effects and dispersal

Interactions between maternal effects and dispersal

Basins of attraction: population dynamics with two stable 4‐cycles

Population Dynamics and Conservation of a Specialized Predator: A Case Study of Maculinea Arion

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