Noncritical quasi-phase-matched second harmonic generation in an annealed proton-exchanged LiNbO/sub 3/ waveguide

Bortz, Michael; Field, S.J.; Fejer, M. M.; Nam, D. W.; Waarts, R.; Welch, David

doi:10.1109/3.362710

Cited by 79 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The deviation of the experimental data from the theoretical result at the shortwavelength side of the main peak may be due to a lack optimization of the device fabrication process, especially the width of the waveguide. 18 Note that, unlike the reported methods where complicated equipment is used to precisely align the angles or to control the temperature of the crystal to satisfy the phase matching condition, here, only the change of the tilt of the dielectric multilayer TOBPF is needed. The wide tuning range and flat output power mentioned above make this tuning easy and direct.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Of Shgmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Similar to the case for SHG, a deviation of the experimental data from the theoretical result at the short-wavelength side of the main peak was also obtained, and may be due to a lack of optimization of the waveguide fabrication process. 18 The FWHM of the SFG is 2 nm, which is two times larger than that of SHG. To understand this result, the change of the phase mismatching ⌬k sf due to the tuning of the pump wavelength p ͑while the signal wavelength s is fixed͒ that dominates the reduction of SFG is considered.…”

Section: B Results and Discussion Of Pump Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three wave mixing using a fiber ring resonator

Shinozaki

Okayama

et al. 1997

Journal of Applied Physics

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Section: Results and Discussion Of Shgmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: B Results and Discussion Of Pump Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three wave mixing using a fiber ring resonator

Shinozaki

Okayama

et al. 1997

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…5, a linear behavior was found, being the best fitting curve equal to (4) where C and nm C. Since the uncertainty in the measurements was nm, it follows that this device is able to measure the temperature with an accuracy C. Higher accuracy could be reached by an adequate tuning resolution.…”

Section: A Characterization Of Ppln Devices In Free Propagationmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The SHG efficiency of a 17-mm-long channel waveguide with the same depth, width and , as listed in Table I, is reported in Fig. 7, where dots are experimental points and the continuous line is the theoretically predicted curve [4].…”

Section: B Characterization Of Ppln Devices In Guided Wave Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optical Thermometer Exploiting Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate for Monitoring the Pantographs of High-Speed Trains

Rosso¹,

Margheri²,

Sottini³

et al. 2007

IEEE Sensors J.

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Optical thermometers have been widely investigated. Here, the temperature behavior of second harmonic generation (SHG) in periodically poled lthium niobate (PPLN) substrates is analyzed; indeed, the QPM tuning in PPLN devices and the obtained SHG efficiency depend on the crystal thermal expansion and dispersion, particularly in the case of guided propagation. Therefore, such devices are suitable to realize optical thermometers for demanding applications. This investigation originated with the request of a thermometer to be installed on the pantographs of high-speed trains. Therefore, it must be sturdy and reliable, but it has even to work in an EMD environment. The temperature behavior of the SHG was theoretically modeled and experimentally validated at 1550 nm, in both bulk propagation and APE channel waveguides. In the first case, by using a 10-mW source, which was obtained from a laser diode and a fiber amplifier, an accuracy of 0.3 C was found. The pump power was about three orders of magnitude smaller in guided propagation. In view of testing on the trains, our investigation resulted in the design of a device without mechanical contacts with the input and output fibers. Since it works in free propagation, there are no serious alignment and packaging problems. The performances, which are expected to be the same of our tests, widely satisfy all the requirements for working effectively in a strongly hostile and EMD environment and for giving accurate measurements on a wide range of temperatures.Index Terms-Optical termometer, periodically poled lthium niobate (PPLN), secondary harmonic generation (SHG), train pantographs.

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“…However the phase matching condition between these two modes is far less critical with respect to inhomogeneities in the refractive index profile of the waveguide than the more efficient TM ω 00 → TM 2ω 00 interaction. In our waveguide these inhomogeneities are produced by nonuniform diffusion of hydrogen and lithium during reverse proton exchange and result in a reduced interaction length of the SHG between the TM 00 modes to half the sample length cancelling the benefit of a better spatial overlap [13].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlated photon-pair generation in a periodically poled MgO doped stoichiometric lithium tantalate reverse proton exchanged waveguide

Lobino

Marshall

Xiong

et al. 2011

Applied Physics Letters

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We demonstrate photon-pair generation in a reverse proton exchanged waveguide fabricated on a periodically poled magnesium doped stoichiometric lithium tantalate substrate. Detected pairs are generated via a cascaded second order nonlinear process where a pump laser at wavelength of 1.55 µm is first doubled in frequency by second harmonic generation and subsequently downconverted around the same spectral region. Pairs are detected at a rate of 42 per second with a coincidence to accidental ratio of 0.7. This cascaded pair generation process is similar to four-wave-mixing where two pump photons annihilate and create a correlated photon pair.Quantum optics is one of the leading approaches for the implementation of quantum information science protocols [1]. Recently, the demonstration of quantumcomputational gates [2,3] and multimode quantum interference of photons [4] in integrated structures received great interest because it raised the possibility of fabricating future quantum computers on a solid state substrate where photons can be generated, propagate and be manipulated inside optical waveguides. Waveguide based photon-pair sources have also been demonstrated in different materials such as periodically poled lithium niobate [5] (via spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC)), in silicon [6] and chalcogenide [7] waveguides (via spontaneous four wave mixing (SFWM)).The full potential of stability and scalability inherent in the integrated photonic approach can be fully exploited only in a single-chip platform which can incorporate both nonclassical sources and reconfigurable quantum gates together. In this context, ferroelectric crystals like lithium niobate (LN) and lithium tantalate (LT) represent two candidates as host materials for parametric downconversion sources and linear-optics quantum gates. Both LN and LT have a high second order nonlinear coefficient and high quality optical waveguides have been fabricated on both materials through reverse proton exchange [8,9]. SPDC in a broad wavelength range can be obtained in periodically poled crystals via the quasiphase-matching technique while fast reconfigurable circuits can be realized by taking advantage of the electrooptic effect of the substrates. * mirko.lobino@bristol.ac.ukHere we demonstrate photon pair generation in a reverse proton exchanged waveguide fabricated on a substrate of periodically poled 1% MgO doped stoichiometric lithium tantalate (PP:MgSLT) [10]. Although PP:MgSLT has a lower nonlinear coefficient than congruent LN it has a much higher optical damage thresh-

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Noncritical quasi-phase-matched second harmonic generation in an annealed proton-exchanged LiNbO/sub 3/ waveguide

Cited by 79 publications

References 15 publications

Three wave mixing using a fiber ring resonator

Three wave mixing using a fiber ring resonator

An Optical Thermometer Exploiting Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate for Monitoring the Pantographs of High-Speed Trains

Correlated photon-pair generation in a periodically poled MgO doped stoichiometric lithium tantalate reverse proton exchanged waveguide

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