Nongranulomatous Interstitial Pneumonitis in Sarcoidosis

Rosen, Yale; Athanassiades, Thomas J.; Moon, Sanggiu; Lyons, Harold A.

doi:10.1378/chest.74.2.122

Cited by 127 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…These results are in line with those described by others authors (18)(19)(20) (26). If diagnosis requires pulmonary tissue, multiple lung segments may need to be sampled to achieve at least 85% of diagnostic yield of transbronchial biopsy for sarcoidosis (27) …”

Section: Related To the Different Health Status Of Our Patients As Wesupporting

confidence: 88%

Diagnostic Value of Epithelioid Cell Granulomas in Bronchoscopic Biopsies

Danila

Žurauskas

2008

Intern. Med.

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Section: Related To the Different Health Status Of Our Patients As Wesupporting

confidence: 88%

Diagnostic Value of Epithelioid Cell Granulomas in Bronchoscopic Biopsies

Danila

Žurauskas

2008

Intern. Med.

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“…Together, these processes derange the alveoli, airways, and blood vessels, consequently impairing the ability of the lung to exchange gas in a normal fashion (5,6). As with the other interstitial lung disorders, it is recognized that the inflammation precedes the other abnormalities that characterize this disorder (7,8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous release of interleukin 2 by lung T lymphocytes in active pulmonary sarcoidosis is primarily from the Leu3+DR+ T cell subset.

Saltini¹,

Spurzem²,

Lee³

et al. 1986

J. Clin. Invest.

127

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“…Although the granuloma are the classic hallmark of the disease, it is now recognized that the alveolitis precedes the granuloma and plays a central role in its formation (2)(3)(4)(5)(6). In this regard, while the mononuclear phagocyte component of the alveolitis provides the cellular building blocks for granuloma formation, it is the T-lymphocyte component of the alveolitis that attracts monocytes to the lung and likely modulates their differentiation and coalescence into the granuloma (2-6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced alveolar macrophage-mediated antigen-induced T-lymphocyte proliferation in sarcoidosis.

Venet¹,

Hance²,

Saltini³

et al. 1985

J. Clin. Invest.

136

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Expansion of T-lymphocyte numbers is a characteristic feature of the alveolitis of pulmonary sarcoidosis. One mechanism that may influence the numbers of T-lymphocytes in the lung is the process of antigen presentation in which alveolar macrophages, in the presence of antigen, induce T-lymphocytes to replicate. To evaluate this process in sarcoidosis, alveolar macrophages were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage, pulsed with tetanus toxoid, and co-cultured with purified autologous T cells. Strikingly, antigen-pulsed alveolar macrophages from sarcoid patients induced more than a twofold increase in autologous T-lymphocyte proliferation compared with the response seen using cells from normals or patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (P < 0.0001, all comparisons). In contrast, when monocytes were used as the antigen presenting cell, no significant differences were observed in T cell proliferation induced by antigen among the three groups. The enhanced T-lymphocyte proliferation induced by sarcoid alveolar macrophages was not dependent on the compartment from which the T cells were derived, and was independent of the specific antigen used. One possible explanation for augmented antigen presentation seen in sarcoid is that an increased percentage of sarcoid alveolar macrophages express HLA-DR or HLA-DS surface antigens. However, most normal and sarcoid alveolar macrophages express HLA-DR and HLA-DS surface antigens, and the percentage of macrophages expressing these antigens was not significantly different in the two groups. Thus, while the mechanisms of the enhanced antigen presentation in the sarcoid lung are unknown, the process of antigen-driven, alveolar macrophage-modulated lung T cell proliferation may explain, at least in part, the expansion of lung T-lymphocyte numbers that characterizes this disease.

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Nongranulomatous Interstitial Pneumonitis in Sarcoidosis

Cited by 127 publications

References 3 publications

Diagnostic Value of Epithelioid Cell Granulomas in Bronchoscopic Biopsies

Diagnostic Value of Epithelioid Cell Granulomas in Bronchoscopic Biopsies

Spontaneous release of interleukin 2 by lung T lymphocytes in active pulmonary sarcoidosis is primarily from the Leu3+DR+ T cell subset.

Enhanced alveolar macrophage-mediated antigen-induced T-lymphocyte proliferation in sarcoidosis.

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