Noninvasive pulse oximetry utilizing skin reflectance photoplethysmography

Mendelson, Yitzhak; Ochs, Burt D.

doi:10.1109/10.7286

Cited by 229 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…With the development o f reflectance pulse oximetry, Sao2 can also be estimated from the backscattered light [3]. The skin is transilluminated by the light source and the pulsatile signals are obtained by a photodetector, which is sited adjacent to the light source.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of pulsating arteries on reflectance pulse oximetry: Measurements in adults and neonates

Nijland

Jongsma

Berg

et al. 1995

J Clin Monitor Comput

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Nijland R, Jongsma HW, van den Berg PP, Nijuis JG, Oeseburg B. The effect o f pulsating arteries on reflectance pulse oximetry: mea surements in adults and neonates. J Clin Monit 1995;11:118-122 ABSTRACT. O bj ective. The objective of our study was to de scribe the results from human experiments during normoxia that demonstrate the effect of pulsating arteries on the mea sured arterial oxygen saturation (Spo2) using a reflectance pulse oximeter sensor. Methods. In 6 healthy adults and 7 healthy neonates, a Nellcor reflection sensor (FS-10 oxisensor, Nellcor, Inc., Pleasanton, CA) was placed in three different positions: (1) on the forehead, (2) on the temporal area, with the photodiode placed over the superficial temporal artery, and (3) on the temporal area, with the light-emitting diodes (LEDs) placed over the superficial temporal artery. Results.Placement of the sensor in position 2 resulted in a significantly lower Spo2 reading, compared to sensor position 1: 5.8% (p < 0.01) lower for adults and 7.5% ( p < 0.01) lower for neonates. Placement of the sensor in position 3 resulted in significantly larger plethysmographic signals, compared to sensor position 1; but, the Spo2 readings were alike. Conclusions. Pulsating arteries can affect the reliability of reflection pulse oximetry. Depending on the position of the sensor, a falsely low Spo2 value can be observed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of pulsating arteries on reflectance pulse oximetry: Measurements in adults and neonates

Nijland

Jongsma

Berg

et al. 1995

J Clin Monitor Comput

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“…The changes in light absorbance, detected during these arterial pulsations are electronically amplified and recorded as a voltage signal called the photoplethysmograph (PPG). The amplitude of the PPGs obtained from these two wavelengths vary with change in arterial oxygen saturation, as the absorbance of oxyhaemoglobin and deoxyhaemoglobin at these wavelengths is different [3]. The ratio of the amplitudes of these AC PPG signals and their corresponding DC values are then used to estimate SpO2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The human ear canal: investigation of its suitability for monitoring photoplethysmographs and arterial oxygen saturation

Budidha¹,

Kyriacou²

2014

Physiol. Meas.

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For the last two decades, pulse oximetry has been used as a standard procedure for monitoring arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2). However, SpO2 measurements made from extremities such as the finger, ear lobe and toes become susceptible to inaccuracies when peripheral perfusion is compromised. To overcome these limitations, the external auditory canal has been proposed as an alternative monitoring site for estimating SpO2, on the hypothesis that this central site will be better perfused. Therefore, a dual wavelength optoelectronic probe along with a processing system was developed to investigate the suitability of measuring photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals and SpO2 in the human auditory canal. A pilot study was carried out in 15 healthy volunteers to validate the feasibility of measuring PPGs and SpO2 from the ear canal (EC), and comparative studies were performed by acquiring the same signals from the left index finger (LIF) and the right index finger (RIF) in conditions of induced peripheral vasoconstriction (right hand immersion in ice water). Good quality baseline PPG signals with high signal-to-noise ratio were obtained from the EC, the LIF and the RIF sensors. During the ice water immersion, significant differences in the amplitude of the red and infrared PPG signals were observed from the RIF and the LIF sensors. The average drop in amplitude of red and infrared PPG signals from the RIF was 52.7% and 58.3%. Similarly, the LIF PPG signal amplitudes have reduced by 47.52% and 46.8% respectively. In contrast, no significant changes were seen in the red and infrared EC PPG amplitude measurements, which changed by +2.5% and −1.2% respectively. The RIF and LIF pulse oximeters have failed to estimate accurate SpO2 in seven and four volunteers respectively, while the EC pulse oximeter has only failed in one volunteer. These results suggest that the EC may be a suitable site for reliable monitoring of PPGs and SpO2s even in the presence of peripheral vasoconstriction.

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“…A pulsatile AC component synchronous with the cardiac cycle, representing the blood flow to the area, and a slowly varying DC component with a magnitude that is determined by the nature of the material through which the light passes (skin, karthik.budidha.1@city.ac.uk, Tomas.Ysehak-Abay.1@city.ac.uk, p.kyriacou@city.ac.uk cartilage, venous blood, etc,). Using the ratio of the PPGs acquires at both the wavelengths, SpO 2 is estimated [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of photoplethysmography, laser doppler flowmetry and near infrared spectroscopy during induced thermal stress

Budidha

Abay

Kyriacou

2015

2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

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Noninvasive pulse oximetry utilizing skin reflectance photoplethysmography

Cited by 229 publications

References 3 publications

The effect of pulsating arteries on reflectance pulse oximetry: Measurements in adults and neonates

The effect of pulsating arteries on reflectance pulse oximetry: Measurements in adults and neonates

The human ear canal: investigation of its suitability for monitoring photoplethysmographs and arterial oxygen saturation

Investigation of photoplethysmography, laser doppler flowmetry and near infrared spectroscopy during induced thermal stress

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