Noninvasive Strategy Based on Real-Time in Vivo Cataluminescence Monitoring for Clinical Breath Analysis

Abstract

The development of noninvasive methods for real-time in vivo analysis is of great significant, which provides powerful tools for medical research and clinical diagnosis. In the present work, we described a new strategy based on cataluminescence (CTL) for real-time in vivo clinical breath analysis. To illustrate such strategy, a homemade real-time CTL monitoring system characterized by coupling an online sampling device with a CTL sensor for sevoflurane (SVF) was designed, and a real-time in vivo method for the monitoring of SVF in exhaled breath was proposed. The accuracy of the method was evaluated by analyzing the real exhaled breath samples, and the results were compared with those obtained by GC/MS. The measured data obtained by the two methods were in good agreement. Subsequently, the method was applied to real-time monitoring of SVF in exhaled breath from rat models of the control group to investigate elimination pharmacokinetics. In order to further probe the potential of the method for clinical application, the elimination pharmacokinetics of SVF from rat models of control group, liver fibrosis group alcohol liver group, and nonalcoholic fatty liver group were monitored by the method. The raw data of pharmacokinetics of different groups were normalized and subsequently subjected to linear discriminant analysis (LDA). These data were transformed to canonical scores which were visualized as well-clustered with the classification accuracy of 100%, and the overall accuracy of leave-one-out cross-validation procedure is 88%, thereby indicating the utility of the potential of the method for liver disease diagnosis. Our strategy undoubtedly opens up a new door for real-time clinical analysis in a pain-free and noninvasive way and also guides a promising development direction for CTL.

Synthesis of Nano-Praseodymium Oxide for Cataluminescence Sensing of Acetophenone in Exhaled Breath

“…The CTL sensor for acetophenone was fabricated according to our previous work [13,49]. In brief, 3.0 mL of deionized water was mixed with 0.5 g of solid catalyst, then the suspended liquid containing catalyst was dripped onto the surface of a ceramic heater and was heated to 450° for 20 min.…”

“…After that, Analytical chemists have made great efforts to promote the development of CTL. Nowadays, CCL was proved to be a powerful technology for rapid analysis, which shows promising applications in environmental analysis [7,8,9], food analysis [10,11,12], clinical breath analysis [2,13,14], and biochemical analysis [15,16].…”

“…Analysis of concerned VOCs in exhaled breath has been recognized as a useful method for diagnosis of disease such as diabetes [27,28,29], asthma [30,31], lung cancer [32,33,34] and breast cancer [35,36]. The most outstanding advantage of breath analysis is that the pain-free and noninvasive collection of sample represents minimal risk to the human subjects [13,37]. Gas chromatography or chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) are the traditional methods for breath analysis.…”

Host–Guest Recognition on 2D Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Nanosensing

“…Cataluminescence (CTL) is one of the most attractive and sensitive transduction principles because it offers real-time monitoring, [227] design simplicity, [228] high stability [229] and good durability. [230] Zeng et al prepared α-Fe 2 O 3 /g-C 3 N 4 composites through a facile reflux-based method. The as-prepared composites display clear CTL properties in the detection of H 2 S gas.…”

Propanol-Triggered Luminescence for Rapid Screening of Crystal Facets in Noble Metal

“…Chemiluminescence (CL) is a luminescence technique that generates optical signals based on chemical reactions without background light sources. − In the past decade, CL has been extensively developed as an efficient analytical technique to improve detection selectivity and sensitivity by tuning catalysts. − Recently, it was found that microstructural changes in nanomaterial have an important contribution to the CL signals . Therefore, nanomaterial-assisted CL could also be a powerful measurement tool to characterize material properties and structures. − For example, we utilized the basic sites number-related acetone CL as an indicator for rapid evaluation of heterogeneous base catalysts in biodiesel production; the diethyl ether-triggered CL was employed to detect oxygen vacancies on the surface of TiO 2 nanoparticles; the peroxynitrite CL system was also successfully used for rapid screening of oxygen states on the surface of carbon dots .…”