Nonlinear magneto-optical rotation with amplitude modulated light

Gawlik, Wojciech; Krzemień, Leszek; Pustelny, Szymon; Sangla, Damien; Zachorowski, Jerzy; Graf, Miriam T.; Sushkov, Alexander O.; Budker, Dmitry

doi:10.1063/1.2190457

Cited by 94 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…One possibility to observe NFR not only around the zero magnetic field is to use modulation techniques. Two arrangements have been proposed using either frequency (FM NMOR [17]) or amplitude (AMOR [18]) modulation of light. In both arrangements strobed pumping creates the modulated Zeeman coherence and phase sensitive detection is used to extract the magneto-optical rotation amplitude.…”

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Nonlinear Faraday rotation and detection of superposition states in cold atoms

et al. 2010

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We report on the first observation of nonlinear Faraday rotation with cold atoms at a temperature of ∼100 µK. The observed nonlinear rotation of the light polarization plane is up to 0.1 rad over the 1 mm size atomic cloud in approximately 10 mG magnetic field. The nonlinearity of rotation results from long-lived coherence of ground-state Zeeman sublevels created by a near-resonant light. The method allows for creation, detection and control of atomic superposition states. It also allows applications for precision magnetometry with high spatial and temporal resolution. PACS numbers: 33.57.+c, 42.50.Dv, 42.50.Gy, 32.80.Xx The linear Faraday rotation (LFR) of the polarization plane of light propagating in the medium is a well known consequence of optical anisotropy caused by a longitudinal magnetic field. For thermal gases the Doppler effect broadens the range of the magnetic fields where the effect is visible and reduces the size of the maximum rotation relative to atoms at rest. The use of cold atoms with their Doppler width narrower than the natural linewidth distinguishes this situation from experiments at room temperature. The experiments on LFR with cold atoms were performed in a magneto-optical trap (MOT) [1][2][3], and in an optical dipole trap [4].Application of strong, near-resonant laser light may result in the creation of coherent superpositions of Zeeman sublevels of an atomic ground state. Such superpositions (Zeeman coherences) are known to be responsible for a variety of coherent phenomena in lightmatter interaction, like coherent population trapping [5], electromagnetically-induced transparency [6], nonlinear magneto-optical rotation or nonlinear Faraday rotation (NFR) [7] and their interplay [8]. Superposition states are also at the heart of quantum-state engineering (QSE). Most of QSE experiments require initial states of well defined atomic spin (or total angular momentum F ), usually prepared in a stretched state, which is realized by putting most of (ideally all) atomic population into a Zeeman sublevel with extreme value of magnetic quantum number m [9]. Below we report how superpositions of specific Zeeman sublevels, or Zeeman coherences belonging to a given F are created in cold (∼100 µK) atomic samples and observed with high sensitivity using nonlinear Faraday rotation. In the experiment laser light both creates and detects the Zeeman coherences. The same detection technique can be applied to detect the presence of Zeeman coherences already introduced with other mechanisms. Furthermore, the time-dependent detection provides information on the temporal evolution of the superposition states.The described experiment shows the potential of NFR with cold atoms for precision magnetometry with prospective µG sensitivity, large dynamic range (zerofield to several G), and sub-mm spatial resolution in magnetic field mapping. Magnetic field sensing with cold atoms utilizing Larmor precession of alkali atoms in a magnetic field has been discussed in: MOT [10], Bose-Einstein condensate [11,12] and ...

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Nonlinear Faraday rotation and detection of superposition states in cold atoms

et al. 2010

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“…Optical sensors of the magnetic field make use of magneto-optical phenomena, and information about the measured quantity is concealed in the parameters of the light beam propagating in the optical medium [1][2][3][4][5]. Solutions of this kind are of enormous interest for those dealing with electrical power metrology, because due to their non-electricity they are absolutely safe, permit to reduce considerably the dimensions of the sensor, need not be cooled down and are not subjected to electromagnetic disturbances [6,7].…”

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confidence: 99%

Optical Fibre Current Sensor for Electric Power Industry

et al. 2010

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The paper deals with the optical fibre current sensor based on new optical fibre made of glass with a high value of refractive index. This kind of glass was developed to meet the requirements of these optical fibres. The aim of investigations was to develop a new optical fibre with adequate magneto-optical properties and a relatively weak linear birefringence resulting from the process of its production. These features are of essential importance for optical fibre current sensors. The results of investigations concerning such optical fibres have been presented, displaying satisfactory magneto-optical properties, as well as only low linear birefringence induced by stresses arising in the course of their manufacturing.

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“…The Department of Optoelectronics at the Silesian University of Technology in Gliwice, Poland and the Electrotechnical Institute in Warsaw have been cooperating for elaboration of a measuring system of magnetic field inside direct-current motors based on a magnetooptic effect [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Such kind of system consists of an optical sensor, in which changes of a state of polarization (SOP) of an electromagnetic wave result from changes of the * corresponding author; e-mail: kamil.barczak@polsl.pl intensity of magnetic field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Fibre Magnetic Field Sensors for Monitoring οf the State of Work of Electric Motors

et al. 2009

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The present paper deals with investigations concerning optical magnetic sensors. The most important advantage of sensors of this kind is their safety of service and insulating power. The insensitiveness of optical sensors to electromagnetic interference was discussed and experimentally investigated. The experimental investigations were concentrated on the adequate sensing fibre as well as on the sensor based on the bulk glass cylinder. The paper presents the results of magnetooptic tests of the elaborated magnetic field optical sensors and conclusions arise from them.

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Nonlinear magneto-optical rotation with amplitude modulated light

Cited by 94 publications

References 13 publications

Nonlinear Faraday rotation and detection of superposition states in cold atoms

Nonlinear Faraday rotation and detection of superposition states in cold atoms

Optical Fibre Current Sensor for Electric Power Industry

Optical Fibre Magnetic Field Sensors for Monitoring οf the State of Work of Electric Motors

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