Nonlinear model predictive control of a discrete-cycle gasoline-controlled auto ignition engine model: Simulative analysis

Nuss, Eugen; Wick, Maximilian; Andert, Jakob; Schutter, Jochem De; Diehl, Moritz; Abel, Dirk; Albin, Thivaharan

doi:10.1177/1468087418824915

Cited by 19 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Recently developed technologies to reduce CO 2 and pollutant emissions from diesel engines include downsizing [2], alternative fuels [3], advanced combustion [4,5] and injection systems [6], control algorithms [7][8][9][10], innovative ATS (after-treatment systems) [11], and recovery of thermal energy [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model-Based Control of Torque and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions in a Euro VI 3.0 L Diesel Engine through Rapid Prototyping

D’Ambrosio

Finesso

Hardy³

et al. 2021

Energies

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In the present paper, a model-based controller of engine torque and engine-out Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions, which was previously developed and tested by means of offline simulations, has been validated on a FPT F1C 3.0 L diesel engine by means of rapid prototyping. With reference to the previous version, a new NOx model has been implemented to improve robustness in terms of NOx prediction. The experimental tests have confirmed the basic functionality of the controller in transient conditions, over different load ramps at fixed engine speeds, over which the average RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) values for the control of NOx emissions were of the order of 55–90 ppm, while the average RMSE values for the control of brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) were of the order of 0.25–0.39 bar. However, the test results also highlighted the need for further improvements, especially concerning the effect of the engine thermal state on the NOx emissions in transient operation. Moreover, several aspects, such as the check of the computational time, the impact of the controller on other pollutant emissions, or on the long-term engine operations, will have to be evaluated in future studies in view of the controller implementation on the engine control unit.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model-Based Control of Torque and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions in a Euro VI 3.0 L Diesel Engine through Rapid Prototyping

D’Ambrosio

Finesso

Hardy³

et al. 2021

Energies

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“…15–17 Various control interactions have been explored to reduce this cyclic coupling and extend the HCCI operating range but with varying success. 18,19…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion stability improvement using a rapid ignition system

Gordon

Wouters

Kinoshita

et al. 2020

International Journal of Engine Research

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When compared to traditional engines, homogeneous charge compression ignition has the potential to significantly reduce NO x raw emissions, while maintaining a high fuel efficiency. Homogeneous charge compression ignition is characterized by compression-induced autoignition of a lean homogeneous air–fuel mixture. Since homogeneous charge compression ignition does not utilize direct ignition control, it is strongly dependent on the state of the cylinder charge and can suffer from high cyclic variability. With spark-assisted compression ignition, it has been demonstrated that misfires can be reduced, while preserving the high thermal efficiency of homogeneous charge compression ignition as a result of the more favorable physical mixture properties due to dilution. However, spark-assisted compression ignition reduces the NO x benefits of homogeneous charge compression ignition, as it increases the local combustion temperatures. To merge the advantages of the homogeneous charge compression ignition and the spark-assisted compression ignition combustion processes, a field-programmable gate array for detailed simulation of the physical gas exchange is combined with a rapid spark system. The low latency and computational speed of the field-programmable gate array allows the simulation process to be implemented in real time. When combined with the rapid reaction time of the high-frequency current-based rapid ignition system, a feedforward controller based on the cylinder pressure or heat release is realized. The developed model-based controller determines if a spark is required to assist the homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion process. The use of the field-programmable gate array and rapid ignition system allows for the calculation of combustion properties and controller output within 0.1 °CA. This article presents the development and experimental validation of the developed controller on a single-cylinder research engine. The combustion stability has been significantly improved as reflected in an improved standard deviation of the indicated mean effective pressure and a reduction of the combustion phasing variations. Furthermore, compared to a traditional homogeneous charge compression ignition system, the hydrocarbon emissions can be reduced, while maintaining low NO x emissions.

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“…With increasing computing power of the rapid control prototyping (RCP) hardwares and ECUs, model-based control approaches and, in particular, MPC concepts become more widespread in the field of combustion and air path control. For the control of low temperature combustion processes, MPC concepts have been investigated in simulation 11 as well as in experiments. 12 Recent algorithms calculate even model-based in-cycle control strategies for homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion.…”

Section: Motivation and Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model predictive air path control for a two-stage turbocharged spark-ignition engine with low pressure exhaust gas recirculation

Keller

Geiger

Günther

et al. 2020

International Journal of Engine Research

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Innovative air path concepts for turbocharged spark-ignition engines with exhaust gas recirculation impose high demands on the control due to nonlinearities and cross-couplings. This contribution investigates the control of the air and exhaust gas recirculation paths of a two-stage turbocharged spark-ignition engine with low pressure exhaust gas recirculation. Using exhaust gas recirculation at high loads, the in-cylinder temperature can be lowered, reducing the knock tendency, while at the same time preventing the need for the enrichment of the air/fuel ratio. Air and exhaust gas recirculation paths are cross-coupled and show different delay times. To tackle these challenges, a data-based two-stage model predictive controller is proposed: The target selector accounts for the overactuated system structure, while the dynamic controller adjusts the charging pressure and exhaust gas recirculation rate. The prediction model setup is based on a small amount of dyno-run measurement data. To ensure real-time capability, the model is kept as simple as possible. This allows for fast turnaround times of the algorithm, while maintaining the necessary accuracy in steady-state and transient operation. This study focuses on a two-stage control concept based on a target selector for optimal stationary control inputs and the dynamic controller considering the dynamic behavior of the air and exhaust gas recirculation paths. Subsequently, the control concept for the two-stage turbocharged spark-ignition engine with low pressure exhaust gas recirculation is validated via experimental tests under real-driving conditions on an automotive test track, using a prototype test vehicle. Results show that boost pressure as well as exhaust gas recirculation rate setpoints are met without overshoot and control deviation with settling times being close to the boundaries set by the hardware.

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Nonlinear model predictive control of a discrete-cycle gasoline-controlled auto ignition engine model: Simulative analysis

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

Model-Based Control of Torque and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions in a Euro VI 3.0 L Diesel Engine through Rapid Prototyping

Model-Based Control of Torque and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions in a Euro VI 3.0 L Diesel Engine through Rapid Prototyping

Homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion stability improvement using a rapid ignition system

Model predictive air path control for a two-stage turbocharged spark-ignition engine with low pressure exhaust gas recirculation

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