Nonstoichiometric composition of lithium niobate crystal

Kuz'minov, Yu. S.; Осико, В. В.

doi:10.1080/00150199308237888

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Since the Rayleigh loss scales as the fourth power of the wavelength, one would expect a 16-fold increase of Q for twice the wavelength. Instead, we see an approximately 1.7-fold augmentation, attributed to stronger absorption of LiNbO 3 for shorter wavelengths [18]. Thus, our resonator quality factor is limited by material absorption only.…”

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confidence: 90%

Low-Threshold Optical Parametric Oscillations in a Whispering Gallery Mode Resonator

et al. 2010

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In whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators light is guided by continuous total internal reflection along a curved surface. Fabricating such resonators from an optically nonlinear material one takes advantage of their exceptionally high quality factors and small mode volumes to achieve extremely efficient optical frequency conversion. Our analysis of the phase matching conditions for optical parametric down conversion (PDC) in a spherical WGM resonator shows their direct relation to the sum rules for photons' angular momenta and predicts a very low parametric oscillations threshold. We realized such an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on naturally phase-matched PDC in Lithium Niobate. We demonstrated a single-mode, strongly non-degenerate OPO with a threshold of 6.7 µW and linewidth under 10 MHz. This work demonstrates the remarkable capabilities of WGM-based OPOs and opens the perspectives for their applications in quantum and nonlinear optics, particularly for the generation of squeezed light. WGM resonators have found applications in many areas of photonics, including quantum and nonlinear optics, spectroscopy, biophysics and optomechanics (see [1][2][3] and references therein). These areas benefit from a high quality factor (Q) and strong field confinement of WGM resonators in two different aspects. First, WGM resonators provide strong coupling of the confined field to other systems such as quantum dots [4], atoms [5], mechanical oscillators [6] or other cavities [7]. Second, WGM resonators provide strong nonlinear coupling between optical fields. Here the possibilities lie in utilizing either third order nonlinear effects in fused silica [8][9][10], or nonlinear effects in crystalline materials [11][12][13][14].In this letter we demonstrate optical parametric oscillations with extremely low thresholds and narrow linewidths in a crystalline WGM disk resonator. This is achieved by taking advantage of the strong second-order optical nonlinearity of Lithium Niobate and of the high quality factor of our WGM resonator, limited by the material absorption only. This research is motivated by the perspective to develop a miniature, stable, narrow-line tunable OPO for spectroscopy applications, to study the OPO dynamics far above the threshold, and by the wide and successful use of conventional OPOs for the generation of non-classical light.To achieve efficient parametric processes in a nonlinear material phase matching conditions have to be fulfilled. For parametrically interacting plane waves in a bulk material, these phase matching conditions correspond to conservation of energy and linear momentum of pump (p), signal (s) and idler (i) photons:In spherical geometry the orbital angular momentum of the photons is conserved, along with the energy. This gives rise to WGM selection rules for the PDC process and determines the OPO threshold in-coupled pump power for various modes [15]:where c is the speed of light, λ p is the pump wavelength n = n e (λ p ) = n o (λ s ) is the phase-matched refractive index, and ...

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confidence: 90%

Low-Threshold Optical Parametric Oscillations in a Whispering Gallery Mode Resonator

et al. 2010

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“…This allows us to change and finely vary physical characteristics of the crystal by doping and changing of the crystal stoichiometry [1,3]. Unique properties of LiNbO 3 crystal are determined by particularities of its highly defective structure that strongly depends on the compound [1][2][3][4]. In addition to deep electron traps formed by point photorefractive centers PhIO-2018 (mostly by Nb defects -Nb 5+ ions in Li + sites of the perfect stoichiometric structure) the crystal contains great number of shallow electron traps that affect photorefractive effect [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photoelectric Fields and Band Gap in Doped Lithium Niobate Crystals

et al. 2018

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“…16 The composition of the studied representatives of LN and LT family changed from congruent to stoichiometric and included both undoped and doped by MgO. [21][22][23][24] Nowadays LN and LT are the most widely used objects of the domain engineering. Application of electric field through lithographically defined electrodes for domain patterning is one of the most promising methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-assembled domain structures: From micro- to nanoscale

et al. 2015

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The recent achievements in studying the self-assembled evolution of micro-and nanoscale domain structures in uniaxial single crystalline ferroelectrics lithium niobate and lithium tantalate have been reviewed. The results obtained by visualization of static domain patterns and kinetics of the domain structure by different methods from common optical microscopy to more sophisticated scanning probe microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and confocal Raman microscopy, have been discussed. The kinetic approach based on various nucleation processes similar to the first-order phase transition was used for explanation of the domain structure evolution scenarios. The main mechanisms of self-assembling for nonequilibrium switching conditions caused by screening ineffectiveness including correlated nucleation, domain growth anisotropy, and domain-domain interaction have been considered. The formation of variety of self-assembled domain patterns such as fractal-type, finger and web structures, broad domain boundaries, and dendrites have been revealed at each of all five stages of domain structure evolution during polarization reversal. The possible applications of self-assembling for micro-and nanodomain engineering were reviewed briefly. The review covers mostly the results published by our research group.

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Nonstoichiometric composition of lithium niobate crystal

Cited by 19 publications

References 6 publications

Low-Threshold Optical Parametric Oscillations in a Whispering Gallery Mode Resonator

Low-Threshold Optical Parametric Oscillations in a Whispering Gallery Mode Resonator

Photoelectric Fields and Band Gap in Doped Lithium Niobate Crystals

Self-assembled domain structures: From micro- to nanoscale

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