Nonsurgical Recovery of Uterine Embryos in the Baboon1

Pope, C. E.; Pope, Valerie Z.; Beck, Lee R.

doi:10.1095/biolreprod23.3.657

Cited by 41 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Preimplantation stages of the baboon can be collected by using a nonsurgical method of flushing the uterus (Pope et al, 1980). Although the number of embryos that can be obtained in this way is relatively small compared to using polytocous laboratory species, a series of blastocysts has been obtained and studied to examine differentiation from the early blastocyst stage to preimplantation blastocysts.…”

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confidence: 99%

Differentiation of the inner cell mass of the baboon blastocyst

1990

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During the blastocyst stage of development in the baboon, the inner cell mass changes from an irregular accumulation of cells within the cavity of the blastocyst to a disk at one side of the blastocyst and finally to a spherical mass of epiblast cells exhibiting a distinct polarity. The cells that will become the primitive endoderm are first seen as flattened but undifferentiated cells on the cavity side of the disk-shaped inner cell mass. After endoderm cells develop their typical cytological characteristics, they extend well beyond the inner cell mass to form parietal endoderm. A basal lamina develops associated with the epiblast cells and mural trophoblast, but not with either parietal or visceral endoderm. Cytological differentiation of inner cell mass cells includes increased numbers of polyribosomes and a change in mitochondria from long, convoluted structures to short, more typical shapes. Evidence that epiblast is polarized is seen by the late zonal blastocyst stage. Apical junctional complexes develop within the center of the epiblast. These junctions presage the development of the potential amniotic cavity. Large vacuoles containing cell debris, some of which contain nuclear fragments, are present at all stages. Extensive cell death occurs during growth of the blastocyst, but the pattern appears to be random and products of cell death are readily phagocytized by adjacent cells.

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confidence: 99%

Differentiation of the inner cell mass of the baboon blastocyst

1990

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“…Similar to women, the olive baboon (Papio anubis anubis) has a relatively straight cervical canal which facilitates insertion of instruments into the uterine lumen [21] . This is in contrast with some other monkeys.…”

Section: Baboon Model For Non-invasive Transcervical Research Of Embrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, the uterine probe is directly inserted through the undilated external os of the cervix into the uterine lumen, with or without the assistance of a cervical clamp. Initially, transcervical uterine access was needed to perform nonsurgical uterine flushes in the 1980s to recover preimplantation embryos in naturally cycling baboons, following a technique described by Pope et al [21] . At the Institute of Primate Research, embryos obtained after uterine flushing have been used in the search for trophoblastspecific antigens to be targeted in the development of contragestational vaccines [24] .…”

Section: Classical and 'Chai' Transcervical Technique Without Laparosmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Baboon as a Research Model for the Study of Endometrial Biology, Uterine Receptivity and Embryo Implantation

Nyachieo

Chai

Deprest

et al. 2007

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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The process of embryo implantation includes attachment of the embryo to the endometrium and penetration through the epithelial layer, decidualization of the basement membrane, invasion of the uterine stroma and access to blood supply. This implantation process is very different in humans when compared to pigs, cattle or rodents. The process of invasion in humans where the embryo gets embedded in decidual tissue and in spiral arteries is more aggressive, but otherwise similar to the process of implantation and invasion in non-human primates such as rhesus monkeys and baboons. For ethical reasons, it is unacceptable to study directly the process of embryo implantation in women, and to this day, this remains one of the ‘black boxes’ of reproductive science. Indeed for many clinicians practicing reproductive medicine, in fertility centers, the most difficult question and of concern asked by patients is: ‘Why do my healthy appearing embryos not implant: is there a problem with my endometrium or uterus?’ The olive baboon (Papio anubis anubis) is an excellent animal model for reproductive research. In contrast with smaller non-human primates like rhesus monkeys or cynomolgus monkeys, it is possible in baboons to use transcervical uterine probes (curettes, catheters and hysteroscopic equipment) to perform endometrial biopsy, embryo flushing or transfer and hysteroscopy in a non-invasive way. This can be done easily in multiparous baboons during menstruation, but may be more difficult at the end of the follicular phase (maximal perineal swelling impedes vaginal/cervical access) or during the luteal phase (narrow cervix), in nulliparous baboons and in animals with abnormal internal genitals. In this paper we present an overview regarding the potential of the baboon model to study in vivo uterine receptivity and embryo implantation using invasive and non-invasive approaches.

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“…To collect numerous embryos, not only methods to induce follicle development but also methods to induce ovulation must be developed. Methods for the induction of ovulation have been reported [32,43], and an embryo collection method that involves flushing the entire reproductive tract has been established for the rhesus monkey [25,26,91,92], the baboon [73][74][75] and the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) [95,96]. For cynomolgus monkeys, the technique for cannulation to the uterus through the cervical canal [102] has been developed, a technique that my research group has successfully used.…”

Section: Collection Of Embryos Fertilized In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Manipulation of Nonhuman Primate Gametes for Embryo Production and Embryo Transfer.

Sankai

2000

Exp. Anim.

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Abstract:Since nonhuman primates are closely related to humans and share many physical similarities, they are important for use in research areas such as human infectious diseases, reproduction, physiology, endocrinology, metabolism, neurology and longevity. To develop and maintain these animals, we must establish techniques for in vitro manipulation of spermatozoa and eggs. For a decade my research group has been conducting basic research to establish embryo manipulation techniques and to clarify the reproductive phenomena in nonhuman primates. This article summarizes the past research on in vitro manipulation of nonhuman primate gametes, from collection of reproductive cells and in vitro fertilization to the birth of offspring after embryo transfer, as well as the current status of these research areas. The studies summarized here will directly lead to the development of standard techniques for practical and comprehensive use in nonhuman primates.

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Nonsurgical Recovery of Uterine Embryos in the Baboon1

Cited by 41 publications

References 7 publications

Differentiation of the inner cell mass of the baboon blastocyst

Differentiation of the inner cell mass of the baboon blastocyst

The Baboon as a Research Model for the Study of Endometrial Biology, Uterine Receptivity and Embryo Implantation

In Vitro Manipulation of Nonhuman Primate Gametes for Embryo Production and Embryo Transfer.

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