Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections: Comparison of the fluorescent auramine-o and Ziehl-Neelsen techniques in tissue diagnosis

Kommareddi, Santi; Abramowsky, Carlos R.; Swinehart, Gary; Hrabak, Linda

doi:10.1016/s0046-8177(84)80253-1

Cited by 52 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The spectrum of pathological changes characteristic of non‐tuberculous mycobacterial infection is similar to that seen in ordinary TB 22,29–34 . Necrotizing granulomatous inflammation is the most common reaction, and non‐necrotizing granulomas are usually also present.…”

Section: Infectious Granulomasmentioning

confidence: 74%

Pathological diagnosis of granulomatous lung disease: a review

2007

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Granulomas in the lung are common diagnostic problems encountered by pathologists. They occur in a wide range of pulmonary conditions, ranging from common entities to uncommon ones and including both infections and non-infectious diseases. This review summarizes the main histological features that help distinguish various granulomatous lung diseases. It concentrates on the most important and common entities that may be encountered and emphasizes helpful features in the differential diagnosis.

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Section: Infectious Granulomasmentioning

confidence: 74%

Pathological diagnosis of granulomatous lung disease: a review

2007

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“…3 Traditionally, laboratory diagnosis of mycobacterial infection has been the purview of the microbiologist; it has relied on positive culture or microscopic recognition of the organism by Ziehl-Nielsen staining. 4 Fluorescence microscopy using auramine-rhodamine was described as early as 1937 and generally has been shown to be superior to Ziehl-Nielsen staining, [5][6][7] but involves the use of toxic and carcinogenic substances. A substantial benefit would derive from any new, inexpensive, exposure-free diagnostic procedure, enabling early commencement of anti-MTB treatment.…”

Section: This Study Was Undertaken To Determine the Value Of Incorpormentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterial autofluorescence in Papanicolaou‐stained lymph node aspirates: A glimmer in the dark?

Wright

Zyl

Burgess

et al. 2004

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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This study was undertaken to determine the value of incorporating fluorescence into cytopathological evaluation of lymph node fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens suspected of harboring mycobacterial species. The study population consisted of 1,044 HIV-positive and -negative patients referred for FNA to the cytopathology unit of a South African medical school located in a very high HIV prevalence region. Each aspirate was assessed on routine Papanicolaou-stained slides for morphologic characteristics of mycobacterial infection. The same glass slides were then viewed under fluorescent microscopy to determine the presence or absence of mycobacterial autofluorescence. Using multivariate analysis, results of both cytology and fluorescence were compared with mycobacterial culture as the final arbiter of the presence of organisms. In this large clinical study, compared with culture, cytomorphology showed sensitivity of 84.9%, but low specificity of only 50.9%. Fluorescence demonstrated lower sensitivity of 65.9%, but improved specificity of 73.0%. Taken together, positivity of both cytology and fluorescence improved specificity to 81.8%. Fluorescent microscopy is rapid, inexpensive, and cost-effective; neither radioactive materials nor further staining are required. It is felt that this methodology would be of diagnostic benefit if used on morphologically suspicious samples in areas with a high prevalence of HIV and mycobacterial infections. Appropriate therapy could be commenced within hours of FNA, with reduction in the current number of patients lost to follow-up while awaiting results of culture. The technique is readily extended to other FNA types such as deep organ aspirates. Autofluorescence of organisms specifically requires usage of Papanicolaou staining; the technique cannot be used in histopathologic specimens stained with hematoxylin-eosin.

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“…7 AuO, whether in mixture with rhodamine B or by itself, is a stain for acid-fast mycobacteria. 8 Following up on the work by Oster and Nishijima, its photophysics and photochemistry in several solvents have been extensively studied. 9−14 Haidekker and Theodorakis made a connection between the two fields, 15 pointing out the microenvironmental sensing, rather than manipulation, capabilities of molecular rotors.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Roads Converged in a Yellow Dye: Unusual Spectral Broadening in the Emission of Auramine-O Possibly Caused by Low-Friction Intramolecular Rotation

et al. 2014

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Steady-state and time-resolved optical techniques were employed to study the rather complex relaxation of excited states of Auramine-O (AuO) in several liquids at room temperature. We found three relaxation times in the decay of the pump−probe signals of the excited states of AuO. We focused our study on the short time decay, with a duration of within about 150−300 fs. We found that the temporal changes of the emission band of AuO could be divided into three behaviors, depending on the solvent characteristics. In dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a hydrogen-bond-accepting solvent, AuO, shows, at short times, a relatively broad emission band with small changes in its peak position and width as a function of time. In acetonitrile and in acetic acid, both hydrogen-bond-donating solvents, we found large changes in the band peak and width as a function of time. Dichloromethane is a solvent lacking strong solvent interactions, it is apolar and is neither a strong hydrogen-bond-donator nor a strong hydrogen-bond-acceptor. For AuO in dichloromethane we found an oscillation with a time constant of 200 fs in the time-resolved emission signal. We attribute the rather large changes of the emission band with time in the short time window to the twist of the dimethylamino groups of the aniline groups of AuO.

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Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections: Comparison of the fluorescent auramine-o and Ziehl-Neelsen techniques in tissue diagnosis

Cited by 52 publications

References 19 publications

Pathological diagnosis of granulomatous lung disease: a review

Pathological diagnosis of granulomatous lung disease: a review

Mycobacterial autofluorescence in Papanicolaou‐stained lymph node aspirates: A glimmer in the dark?

Two Roads Converged in a Yellow Dye: Unusual Spectral Broadening in the Emission of Auramine-O Possibly Caused by Low-Friction Intramolecular Rotation

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