“…In the studies from other groups (51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63), ion beam surface modification has been performed on polymeric and metallic surfaces to enhance cell attachment and growth (51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56), increase biocompatibility (52,55,57,58), prevent calcification (59), improve antibacterial activity (60,61), enhance adhesive strength between polymers and metals (62), create active binding sites for protein (63), and control surface wettability (53,58). We believe that we are the first to report that ion beam surface modification of a protein-coated biomaterial can simultaneously inhibit platelet adhesion and maintain the ability of endothelial attachment.…”