Normal and Oblique Impact of Cylindro-Conical and Cylindrical Projectiles on Metallic Plates

Influence of impactor nature, mass, size and shape on ballistic resistance of mild steel and Armox 500 T steel

“…The geometry of 7.62 and 12.7 API projectiles was also created in accordance with its actual dimensions as a three-dimensional deformable body using ABAQUS/CAE (Iqbal et al, 2015(Iqbal et al, , 2016. The geometry of flat and conical nose impactor was also created in accordance with its actual dimensions of Goldsmith and Finnegan (1986), as a three-dimensional deformable body. The geometry of large mass flat nose impactor was also created in accordance with its actual dimensions of Jones and Kim (1997), as a three-dimensional deformable body.…”

“…It is also noted in many instances that there is no difference in ballistic performance between UHTA and HHA, but UHTA grade is more weldable, possesses better structural properties and sometimes has more consistent ballistic performance than HHA. A detailed literature survey has been carried out on the target, and projectiles in this study have been carefully identified (Borvik et al, 2009; Dikshit, 1998; Goldsmith and Finnegan, 1986; Gupta and Madhu, 1997; Iqbal et al, 2016; Jena et al, 2010; Kilic and Ekici, 2013; Pritti et al, 1997; Showalter et al, 2007). The target material and impactor have been identified keeping in view the application in construction and automobile industry, current requirement of personnel and the lack of availability of studies in literature.…”

“…The ideal material should possess the lowest areal density, high ductility and high strength. A number of various material systems can be considered in this perspective (Dikshit, 1998; Goldsmith and Finnegan, 1986; Gupta and Madhu, 1997; Iqbal et al, 2016; Jena et al, 2010; Kilic and Ekici, 2013; Pritti et al, 1997; Showalter et al, 2007). However, high-strength steel still seems to be an ideal material for armour applications due to high strength and superior mechanical properties.…”

Impact, penetration, and perforation of a bonded carbon-fibre-reinforced plastic composite panel by a high-velocity steel sphere: An experimental study

“…Noticeably, the trajectory of the projectile did not deviate after it perforated the oblique targets, again confirming that obliquity had negligible effect on the penetrating projectile. If the obliquity of the target was affecting the projectile's penetration path (by causing it to deviate during penetration), then the kinetic energy absorbed per effective linear thickness would be higher than that of the normal-incidence experiments and the projectile would deviate, usually exiting the target in a direction that was perpendicular to the plane of the target (see, for example, references [28] and [29]). Consequently, over the impact velocity range of interest, the oblique angle does not have any further effect on the resistance to penetration other than offering more material to penetrate.…”

On the impact and penetration of transparent targets

“…1992). The majority of these investigations have covered normal impacts (Calder & Goldsmith 1971;Goldsmith & Finnegan 1971;Zaid & Travis 1974) with the effects of obliquity receiving less attention (Awerbuch & Bodner 1977;Goldsmith & Finnegan 1986;Gupta & Madhu 1992;Woodward & Baldwin 1979). Details of the impact phase and formation of the penetration channel have received relatively less attention, due to the reliance of workers on flash X-ray and recovery of rods or the remains of targets.…”