Normal bacterial conjunctival flora in the<scp>H</scp>uacaya alpaca (<i><scp>V</scp>icugna pacos</i>)

Storms, Goedele; Meersschaert, Carole; Farnir, Frédéric; Grauwels, Magda

doi:10.1111/vop.12248

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This study demonstrated the dominance of Gram-positive species in the conjunctival bacterial flora of normal Persian cats, which was in agreement with data previously reported for cats and other species. [4][5][6][7][10][11][12][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Three studies reported on the normal conjunctival flora of cats in Canada, Poland, and Brazil. 7,9,12 In these D 7 9 3 studies, Gram-positive bacteria and specifically S0 epidermidis were reported as dominant conjunctival bacterial flora in cats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Effects on the Corneoconjunctival Microflora in a Population of Persian Cats in Iran

Aftab

Rajaei

Pot

et al. 2019

Topics in Companion Animal Medicine

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This study was performed to determine the normal seasonal aerobic and an-aerobic corneoconjunctival bacterial flora in cats. Thirty eyes of 15 clinically normal client-owned Persian cats were evaluated. All cats lived in a similar indoor/outdoor home environment being fed the same diet for the entire year. The cats did not receive any medications and were found to be clinically healthy 1 week prior to each microbial sampling. The cats were not exposed to other cats during the study period. Microbial samples were collected at the same time of day on the first day of the second month of each of the four seasons. During sample collection, a sterile swab was rolled over the corneoconjunctival surface avoiding contact with surrounding skin or hair. Immediately after sample collection, microbiologic aerobic and anaerobic cultures were initiated. Gram-positive bacteria were the most prevalent isolates. The most commonly isolated bacterial organisms across all seasons were Staphylococcus epidermidis (41/95; 43.2%),-hemolytic streptococcus (18/95; 18.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (17/95; 17.9%), and Escherichia coli (11/95; 11.5%). Twenty-five cultures of a total of 120 (20.8%) were negative. One negative culture was collected in the summer, while 21 cultures were negative in fall and winter. Gram-positive bacteria were the predominant microorganisms of the normal ocular surface of healthy cats in all seasons in this study. This result is in agreement with previous publications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Effects on the Corneoconjunctival Microflora in a Population of Persian Cats in Iran

Aftab

Rajaei

Pot

et al. 2019

Topics in Companion Animal Medicine

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“…This microflora contributes to the normal ocular defence by maintaining the population balance and preventing overgrowth of potentially pathogenic agents (Lu & Liu 2016). Composition of the commensal conjunctival bacterial and fungal flora has been reported in numerous species, including horse, donkey, alpaca, cattle, dog and cat in different countries, revealing both inter-and intraspecies differences in prevalence (Samuelson et al 1984, Nardoni et al 2007, Voelter-Ratson et al 2013, Khosravi et al 2014, Kiełbowicz et al 2014, Verneuil et al 2014, Storms et al 2015. Commensal populations may vary in relation to contamination from the environment (geographic location, climate, season, feed and husbandry) (Andrew et al 2003, Kiełbowicz et al 2014.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjunctival bacterial and fungal flora and cutaneous fungal flora in healthy domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Bourguet

Desprez

Volait

et al. 2019

J of Small Animal Practice

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Objectives To determine the normal conjunctival bacterial and fungal flora in healthy rabbits, to compare the fungal flora from the conjunctival sac with periocular cutaneous fungal flora and to evaluate potential changes in type of micro‐organisms over time. Materials and Methods Samples from 50 pet rabbits with a normal ophthalmic examination were obtained from conjunctival sacs using sterile cotton swabs and from the interpupillary skin space using a piece of sterile carpet. Samples were collected twice, 4 weeks apart, and cultured to evaluate bacterial and fungal populations. Results Bacteria were recovered from 35.9% of conjunctival swabs. Corynebacterium species (32.4%), Staphylococcus species (18.3%), Pasteurella species (9.9%) and Moraxella species (8.5%) were the most frequently isolated organisms. Fungi were recovered from 14.6% of conjunctival swabs. The most common fungal genera were Aspergillus (37%), Scopulariopsis (14.8%) and Penicillium (11.1%). Fungal cultures from periocular integument yielded positive results in 96.3% of samples; the same fungal organism was isolated in both conjunctival and cutaneous culture in nine of 20 rabbits (45%). When comparing results 4 weeks apart in 32 of 50 animals, only three rabbits with a positive bacterial culture and one rabbit with a positive fungal culture had the same result at the subsequent test. Clinical Significance Fungi and bacteria isolated from the conjunctival sac of rabbits may represent transient seeding from the environment. To our knowledge, this is the first report of fungal composition of the conjunctival sac of rabbits and evaluation of the potential transient nature of both bacterial and fungal composition of this conjunctival flora.

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“…Many factors, such as season, geography, temperature, housing, as well as age, sex, and breed, are described to affect the frequency and composition of the microbiota of the ocular surface in horses, dogs, cats, and alpacas …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…affect the frequency and composition of the microbiota of the ocular surface in horses, dogs, cats, and alpacas. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] In cats and in other domestic animals, Gram-positive bacteria predominate, but the prevalence rates vary for each species. It has been assumed that the conjunctival sac of cats is relatively sterile in contrast to dogs and horses.…”

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confidence: 99%