Norovirus as cause of benign convulsion associated with gastro‐enteritis

Chan, Victor C.M.; Chan, Chun-wing Desmond; Ma, Che-Kwan; Chan, H. S.

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1754.2010.01986.x

Cited by 40 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Convulsions occurred in 15 of 173 (8.7%) afebrile (Յ38°C) children with norovirus gastroenteritis admitted to a hospital in Hong Kong, a frequency 5 times higher than that for children with rotavirus infection (83). In Taiwan, 19 of 64 (29.7%) children hospitalized with gastroenteritis due to norovirus developed seizures, a frequency 6 times higher than that seen in children hospitalized with rotavirus infection during the same period despite the greater severity of fever in the latter group (84).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Norovirus

2015

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SUMMARY Norovirus, an RNA virus of the family Caliciviridae , is a human enteric pathogen that causes substantial morbidity across both health care and community settings. Several factors enhance the transmissibility of norovirus, including the small inoculum required to produce infection (<100 viral particles), prolonged viral shedding, and its ability to survive in the environment. In this review, we describe the basic virology and immunology of noroviruses, the clinical disease resulting from infection and its diagnosis and management, as well as host and pathogen factors that complicate vaccine development. Additionally, we discuss overall epidemiology, infection control strategies, and global reporting efforts aimed at controlling this worldwide cause of acute gastroenteritis. Prompt implementation of infection control measures remains the mainstay of norovirus outbreak management.

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Norovirus

2015

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“…37 Baseline demographics of all 28 newborns are presented in Table 1. Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups, except birth weight, which was significantly higher in the acupuncture group (median birth weight 3190 vs 2617 g, P = .029).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Acupuncture for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2015

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BACKGROUND: Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is usually treated with opiate derivatives and supported with nonpharmacological treatment.METHODS: This prospective, randomized, controlled, blinded, single-center study was carried out between March 2009 and November 2014. Newborn infants diagnosed with NAS after maternal opioid substitution therapy were eligible for inclusion. Infants were randomly allocated to the acupuncture group (combining laser acupuncture and pharmacological therapy of morphine and phenobarbital) or control group (pharmacological therapy alone). Laser acupuncture was performed with a LABpen MED 10 (675 nm/10 mW) at 5 ear and 4 body acupuncture points, bilaterally, and sessions were repeated every day. The primary outcome measure was duration of oral morphine therapy for NAS. Secondary outcomes included highest single Finnegan score, time to highest single Finnegan score, maximum amount of oral morphine solution (in milliliters per kilogram and milligrams per kilogram), time to maximum amount of oral morphine solution, and length of hospital stay.RESULTS: Twenty-eight newborns (14 in each group) were eligible for analysis. Duration of oral morphine therapy was significantly reduced in the acupuncture group compared with the control group (28 vs 39 days, respectively, P = .019). In addition, we observed a significantly reduced length of hospital stay in the acupuncture group compared with the control group (35 days [interquartile range 25 to 47] vs 50 days [36 to 66], P = .048).CONCLUSIONS: Adjunctive laser acupuncture significantly reduced the duration of morphine therapy in newborns with NAS. WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT:The impact of neonatal abstinence syndrome is of concern because the number of newborns showing symptoms of withdrawal after intrauterine drug exposure is increasing worldwide. Newborns developing neonatal abstinence syndrome require prolonged medical treatment and longer hospital admission after birth. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:This first randomized controlled trial presents data on newborns with neonatal abstinence syndrome treated with laser acupuncture. The findings suggest that adjuvant laser acupuncture has the potential to reduce duration of morphine therapy and length of hospital stay. Dr Raith conceptualized and designed the study, provided oversight for the research procedures and data acquisition, contributed to the interpretation of the data, wrote the first draft of the article, and revised the final manuscript; Dr Schmölzer made substantial contributions to the conceptualization of the study and performed data acquisition and interpretation of data; Drs Schmölzer, Resch, Reiterer, and Avian made substantial contributions to the design of the study; Drs Raith, Resch, Reiterer, Avian, Köstenberger, and Urlesberger reviewed the manuscript and made revisions; Drs Resch and Reiterer made substantial contributions to the randomization procedures and maintained and ensured the masking of personnel; Dr Avian performed statistical analysis and interpretation of dat...

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“…Norovirus is more commonly associated with benign convulsion than rotavirus (8.67% [15/173] vs. 1.29% [3/232], P , 0.001). 31 Norovirus-related encephalopathy rarely causes severe neurologic sequelae, which includes severe delays in mental and motor development, and tonic seizures even 2 years after the onset of illness. 32 There are limited reports on norovirus infection in immunocompromised individuals.…”

Section: What Are the Clinical Manifestations?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Norovirus Gastroenteritis

Mawatari

Kato

2014

Emerging Infectious Diseases

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A 50-year-old female with a past history of uterus cancer 15 years ago was admitted to the hospital in Tokyo, Japan. She had arrived in Tokyo from the island of Kyusyu with her husband 5 days ago to meet her daughter. Her complaints had started 1 day ago, which were fatigue, thirstiness, and drowsiness. When her daughter came home at night, she found her mother lying on the floor. She also found that her mother had diarrhea and had vomited and then called an ambulance.On admission, her level of consciousness was unclear; Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was 11 (E3V2M5). Body temperature was 41 C; blood pressure 86/54 mmHg; heart rate 110 bpm; and respiratory rate 16/min. She had severe watery diarrhea, dry mouth and skin, and general muscle hypertonia. The white blood cell count was 15,600/µL, hemoglobin level 12.9 g/dL, creatinine 1.25 mg/dL, and glucose 136 mg/dL. She underwent a lumbar puncture, which revealed normal initial pressure, nucleated cell count, and glucose level in the CSF. A rapid immunochromatographic test for norovirus was positive in her stool sample. She was diagnosed with norovirus gastroenteritis, but was still suspected of bacterial sepsis. Therefore, a bolus infusion of extracellular fluid was given and ceftriaxone 2 g QD was started empirically. Whole body CT imaging revealed edema of the intestinal wall, but no evidence of other abnormalities.Her consciousness recovered gradually and became clear on the fourth day of hospitalization. Ceftriaxone was stopped on the second day. On the fifth day, she was able to have meals and discharged. Her symptoms were probably caused by norovirus infection. 203Emerging Infectious Diseases.

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Norovirus as cause of benign convulsion associated with gastro‐enteritis

Cited by 40 publications

References 11 publications

Norovirus

Norovirus

Laser Acupuncture for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Norovirus Gastroenteritis

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