Nosocomial Infections in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Perovic, Olga; Singh, Ashika

doi:10.5772/21683

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 72 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…The risk factors for the development of nosocomial infections include the climatic condition [21,22], gender and age of a patient [12,15,18] and the type of surgery [18]. Nosocomial infections are more prevalent in patients who are HIV positive [15,22,23]; have co-morbidities [18,24,25] which also include obesity [18,[24][25][26] and hypoalbuminaemia [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nosocomial Infections in Surgical Patients at a Central Academic Hospital in South Africa

Nazeerah¹,

Bianca²,

Simon³

et al. 2022

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Nosocomial infections are infections that develop after 48 hours of admission or within 30 days of discharge from a healthcare facility. The aim of the study was to investigate the rate of occurrence and types of nosocomial infections in patients admitted to the surgical wards. An audit based on records of patients who developed nosocomial infections was conducted. Data extracted included patients' demography, comorbidities, the organisms cultured, and their resistance patterns. A total of 574 records from 421 patients were found. Seventy percent (69.8%: 294/421) of the patients were males and 66.3% (279/431) were less than 51 years old. Ninety-four (22.3%: 94/421) patients were found to have polymicrobial infections. The records included 62 species of bacteria and 7 candida species. Around 74.7% (429/574) of the cultured organisms were ESKAPE pathogens. The most cultured organism was K. pneumoniae at 18.6% (107/574). Fifty-one percent of the cultured bacteria were resistant to antimicrobials. The overall rate of nosocomial infection was 8.7% with an incidence density of 468.20 per 100 000 patient days. Nosocomial infections were more prevalent in vascular, trauma and neurosurgery patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nosocomial Infections in Surgical Patients at a Central Academic Hospital in South Africa

Nazeerah¹,

Bianca²,

Simon³

et al. 2022

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Incidence and impact of hospital-acquired complications in an internal medicine unit of a reference hospital in Cameroon: a prospective cohort study

Sih

Mbatchou-Ngahane

Mboue-Djieka

et al. 2020

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Background Hospital-acquired complications (HACs) contribute to increased morbidity, mortality and hospital costs. However, their burden is often overlooked in resource-limited settings. We sought to determine the incidence, risk factors and effects of HACs on direct medical costs. Methods This was a prospective cohort study conducted in the Internal Medicine inpatient ward of Douala General Hospital over 3 mo. Patients were examined daily from admission to discharge, transfer or death. Incidence of HACs was calculated and risk factors of HACs were determined using univariate and multivariate regression models. Results The cumulative incidence rate of HACs in 230 participants was 29.2/1000 patient-days. The incidence rate of infectious and non-infectious complications was 8.4/1000 and 20.9/1000 patient-days, respectively. The most common HAC was constipation (8.3/1000 patient-days). The most common infection was urinary tract infection (3.7/1000 patient-days). HIV infection and length of stay >8 d were significantly associated with the occurrence of HACs. Deep vein thrombosis was associated with the highest direct medical cost. Conclusion The incidence of HACs is high in our setting and leads to increased length of hospital stays as well as greater direct medical costs. Thus, there is a need for effective preventive strategies.

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Nosocomial Infections in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Cited by 2 publications

References 72 publications

Nosocomial Infections in Surgical Patients at a Central Academic Hospital in South Africa

Nosocomial Infections in Surgical Patients at a Central Academic Hospital in South Africa

Incidence and impact of hospital-acquired complications in an internal medicine unit of a reference hospital in Cameroon: a prospective cohort study

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