Not all spider silks are antimicrobial

Alicea-Serrano, Angela M; Bender, Katey; Jurestovsky, Derek J.

doi:10.1636/0161-8202-48.1.84

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…(2019) inoculated several types of bacteria directly on silk from the spiders Nephila pilipes , Hippasa holmerae, and Cyrtophora moluccensis but found no evidence for inhibition. Alicea-Serrano et al. (2020) assessed AMA of dragline silk of the spider Latrodectus hesperus in an aqueous Escherichia coli cell culture and found no evidence for antimicrobial properties, and Szymkowiak et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past decade, a range of studies have investigated antimicrobial properties of spider silk; however, results are conflicting with some reporting antimicrobial activity (AMA) ( Al-Kalifawi and Kadem, 2017 ; Amaley et al., 2014 ; Keiser et al., 2015 ; Roozbahani et al., 2014 ; Tahir et al., 2017 ; Wright and Goodacre, 2012 ; Phartale et al, 2019 ; Deshmukh and Pansare, 2019 ), and others not ( Zhang et al., 2019 ; Zortéa and Fischer, 2009 ; Babczynska et al., 2019 ; Alicea-Serrano et al., 2020 ; Szymkowiak et al., 2020 ). To assess the antimicrobial properties of spider silk in the light of contradictory evidence, we conducted a systematic test of AMA of different silk types from seven species covering the spider phylogeny.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Loxosceles intermedia Loxosceles laeta No AMA detected Spiders were kept under sterile conditions and retreat silk collected AMA was investigated by WDA and DDA with native silk, water, and ethanol extracts Appropriate controls Zhang et al. (2019) Bacillus altitudinis B. subtilis Enterobacter bugandensis E. coli Cyrtophora moluccensis Hippasa holmerae Nephila pilipes No AMA detected AMA was investigated by growing bacteria in various media directly on orb webs and by cross-streaking (similar to disc diffusion assay) Appropriate controls Alicea-Serrano et al. (2020) E. coli Latrodectus hesperus No AMA detected AMA test in liquid E. coli culture Risk that 100 silk treads of 5 mm length would not be sufficient to detect AMA Szymkowiak et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The myth of antibiotic spider silk

et al. 2021

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The myth of antibiotic spider silk

et al. 2021

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“…Microbial interaction differs depending on the spider silk used and must be evaluated individually for all spider silks [ 241 ]. Although one study showed increased bacterial adhesion and growth in natural spider silk [ 242 ], several other studies indicated that selected spider silks could be microbe repellent [ 243 , 244 , 245 , 246 , 247 , 248 ].…”

Section: Biological Effects On Spider Silk Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Influencing Properties of Spider Silk Coatings and Their Interactions within a Biological Environment

Trossmann,

Lentz,

Scheibel

2023

JFB

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Biomaterials are an indispensable part of biomedical research. However, although many materials display suitable application-specific properties, they provide only poor biocompatibility when implanted into a human/animal body leading to inflammation and rejection reactions. Coatings made of spider silk proteins are promising alternatives for various applications since they are biocompatible, non-toxic and anti-inflammatory. Nevertheless, the biological response toward a spider silk coating cannot be generalized. The properties of spider silk coatings are influenced by many factors, including silk source, solvent, the substrate to be coated, pre- and post-treatments and the processing technique. All these factors consequently affect the biological response of the environment and the putative application of the appropriate silk coating. Here, we summarize recently identified factors to be considered before spider silk processing as well as physicochemical characterization methods. Furthermore, we highlight important results of biological evaluations to emphasize the importance of adjustability and adaption to a specific application. Finally, we provide an experimental matrix of parameters to be considered for a specific application and a guided biological response as exemplarily tested with two different fibroblast cell lines.

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“…For example, one study reported increased bacterial growth on spider silk webs of Linothele fallax and Linothele megatheloides and discussed that spider silk proteins may serve as nutrients for various microbes [177], whereas other studies provided clear evidence that spider silks of the species Tegenaria domestica, Nephila pilipes, Hippasa holmerae, and Cyrtophora moluccensis are microbe-repellent [131,136]. More species have been studied in other reports, and as one result thereof it is clear that microbial repellence is not a general trait in spider silks [178]. One way to characterize this issue is through the analysis of genetically engineered silk proteins, allowing for a precise control of the design and modifications of the underlying amino acid sequence motifs and the structure-property relationships of tailored silk materials.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Silk-based Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

Bargel¹,

Trossmann²,

Sommer³

et al. 2022

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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Adhesion to material surfaces is crucial for almost all organisms regarding subsequent biological responses. Mammalian cell attachment to a surrounding biological matrix is essential for maintaining their survival and function concerning tissue formation. Conversely, the adhesion and presence of microbes interferes with important multicellular processes of tissue development. Therefore, tailoring bioselective, biologically active, and multifunctional materials for biomedical applications is a modern focus of biomaterial research. Engineering biomaterials that stimulate and interact with cell receptors to support binding and subsequent physiological responses of multicellular systems attracted much interest in the last years. Further to this, the increasing threat of multidrug resistance of pathogens against antibiotics to human health urgently requires new material concepts for preventing microbial infestation and biofilm formation. Thus, materials exhibiting microbial repellence or antimicrobial behaviour to reduce inflammation, while selectively enhancing regeneration in host tissues are of utmost interest. In this context, protein-based materials are interesting candidates due to their natural origin, biological activity, and structural properties. Silk materials, in particular those made of spider silk proteins and their recombinant counterparts, are characterized by extraordinary properties including excellent biocompatibility, slow biodegradation, low immunogenicity, and non-toxicity, making them ideally suited for tissue engineering and biomedical applications. Furthermore, recombinant production technologies allow for application-specific modification to develop adjustable, bioactive materials. The present review focusses on biological processes and surface interactions involved in the bioselective adhesion of mammalian cells and repellence of microbes on protein-based material surfaces. In addition, it highlights the importance of materials made of recombinant spider silk proteins, focussing on the progress regarding bioselectivity.

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Not all spider silks are antimicrobial

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

The myth of antibiotic spider silk

The myth of antibiotic spider silk

Factors Influencing Properties of Spider Silk Coatings and Their Interactions within a Biological Environment

Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

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