Notes on X-ray interpretation of marine sediments

Bouma, Arnold H.

doi:10.1016/0025-3227(64)90045-3

Cited by 56 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The images show the relative change in sediment bulk density. High bulk density sediment, such as pebbles, shell fragments or sand, reduce X-ray penetration and are displayed in light grey, whereas low bulk density sediment, as observed for fine-grained sediments, is represented by dark grey or black (Bouma, 1964). To determine the grain size distribution, core materials were sampled in 1 cm intervals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentary deposits left by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami on the inner continental shelf offshore of Khao Lak, Andaman Sea (Thailand)

Sakuna

Szczuciński

Feldens³

et al. 2012

Earth Planet Sp

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Tsunami waves leave sedimentary signatures both onshore and offshore, although the latter are hardly known. The objective of the present study is to provide new evidence for the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami deposits left on the inner continental shelf of the Andaman Sea (Thailand) and to identify diagnostic sedimentological and geochemical properties of these deposits. Based on extensive seafloor mapping, three sediment cores were selected for study and were analysed for their sedimentary structures, grain size composition, chemical elemental composition, physical properties and 210 Pb activity. Sediment cores retrieved from shallow water (9-15 m) within 7.5 km off the shore revealed distinct event layers, which were interpreted as being tsunami deposits. These 20-25 cm thick deposits were already covered with post-tsunami marine sediments. They were composed of several units, marine sand layers alternating with poorly sorted mud with terrigenous and anthropogenic components, representing different hydrodynamic conditions (probably during run-up and backwash phase). These sedimentological observations were supported by geochemical and physical data and were confirmed using 210 Pb dating. A sediment core taken from a depth of 57 m at a distance of 25 km offshore did not reveal clear event deposits. Comparisons with available data from offshore tsunami deposits showed that there is no single set of signatures that could be applied to identify this kind of deposits.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentary deposits left by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami on the inner continental shelf offshore of Khao Lak, Andaman Sea (Thailand)

Sakuna

Szczuciński

Feldens³

et al. 2012

Earth Planet Sp

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“…At their introduction to the field around 50 years ago, X-ray radiographs were initially used to explore the internal structure of sediment cores (Bouma, 1964;Baker and Friedman, 1969) in order to optimize the opening process or even explore bioturbation structures in the sediment (Howard, 1968). One of the technical problems was the loss of information with respect to depth, as the radiographs are a planar representation of a 3-D structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new CT scan methodology to characterize a small aggregation gravel clast contained in a soft sediment matrix

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Over the past decades, X-ray computed tomography (CT) has been increasingly applied in the geosciences community. CT scanning is a rapid, non-destructive method allowing the assessment of relative density of clasts in natural archives samples. This study focuses on the use of this method to explore instantaneous deposits as major contributors to sedimentation of high-elevation lakes in the Alps, such as the Lake Lauvitel system (western French Alps). This lake is located within a very steep valley prone to episodic flooding and features gullies ending in the lake. This variety of erosion processes leads to deposition of sedimentary layers with distinct clastic properties. We identified 18 turbidites and 15 layers of poorly sorted fine sediment associated with the presence of gravels since AD 1880. These deposits are respectively interpreted as being induced by flood and wet avalanche. This constitutes a valuable record from a region where few historical records exist. This CT scan approach is suitable for instantaneous deposit identification to reconstruct past evolution and may be applicable to a wider variety of sedimentary archives alongside existing approaches.

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“…In geosciences, the internal structure of a great diversity of geological samples has been examined by radiographic imaging mainly in the last 50 years (Baker and Friedman, 1969;Bjerreskov, 1978;Bouma, 1964;Calvert and Veevers, 1962;Hamblin, 1962;Herm, 1973;Howard, 1968;Louis et al, 2007;Monna et al, 1997;Schmidt et al, 2007;Sturmer, 1973). Constant improvement of the equipment still makes it a very extensively used technique in a wide range of applications, of which the most known are medical radiography and security systems.…”

Section: History and Principle Of X-ray Ctmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution X-ray computed tomography in geosciences: A review of the current technology and applications

Cnudde

Boone

2013

Earth-Science Reviews

1,266

700

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Please cite this article as: Cnudde, V., Boone, M.N., "High-resolution X-ray computed tomography in geosciences: a review of the current technology and applications", Earth Science Reviews (2013Reviews ( ), doi: 10.1016Reviews ( /j.earscirev.2013 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T AbstractHigh-resolution X-ray Computed Tomography (HRXCT) or micro-CT (µCT) is a frequently used non-destructive 3D imaging and analysis technique for the investigation of internal structures of a large variety of objects, including geomaterials. Although the possibilities of X-ray micro-CT are becoming better appreciated in earth science research, the demands on this technique are also approaching certain physical limitations. As such, there remains a lot of research to be done in order to solve all the technical problems that occur when higher demands are put on the technique. In this paper, a review of the principle, the advantages and limitations of X-ray CT itself are presented, together with an overview of some current applications of micro-CT in geosciences. One of the main advantages of this technique is the fact that it is a non-destructive characterization technique which allows 4D monitoring of internal structural changes at resolutions down to a few hundred nanometers. Limitations of this technique are the operator dependency for the 3D image analysis from the reconstructed data, the discretations effects and possible imaging artefacts. Driven by the technological and computational progress, the technique is continuously growing as an analysis tool in geosciences and is becoming one of the standard techniques, as is shown by the large and still increasing number of publications in this research area. It is foreseen that this number will continue to rise, and micro-CT will become an indispensable technique in the field of geosciences.

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Notes on X-ray interpretation of marine sediments

Cited by 56 publications

References 8 publications

Sedimentary deposits left by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami on the inner continental shelf offshore of Khao Lak, Andaman Sea (Thailand)

Sedimentary deposits left by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami on the inner continental shelf offshore of Khao Lak, Andaman Sea (Thailand)

A new CT scan methodology to characterize a small aggregation gravel clast contained in a soft sediment matrix

High-resolution X-ray computed tomography in geosciences: A review of the current technology and applications

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