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NbN, NbC and Nb are known to be chemically inert with passivating oxides only solvable in HF acid. Despite Nb,O, as outermost oxide layer, the oxides of Nb compounds show large differences in thickness and in electronic properties. To quantify the differences, angle-resolved XPS (ARXPS) measurements have been performed. The The oxide growth ( a H c ) is not planar; instead, the oxides serrate the metal surface on an nm scale. The serration is strongest for the soft Nb and smallest for the harder compounds NbN and NbC in parallel to the oxidation rate which is slowest for NbC.The improved ouide quality and better quality of tunnel junctions in comparison with Nb is explained by this first identification of oxinitrides and of reduced serration of NbN (NbC). The first identification of Nb(N, C),-,O, compounds extending into the metals explains, e.g., regions of depressed superconductivity, leakage current and pinning. The fluxaid pinning is enhanced by dielectric oxides existing for sputtered NbN between the grains and thus explaining the superior superconducting properties of granular NbN.
NbN, NbC and Nb are known to be chemically inert with passivating oxides only solvable in HF acid. Despite Nb,O, as outermost oxide layer, the oxides of Nb compounds show large differences in thickness and in electronic properties. To quantify the differences, angle-resolved XPS (ARXPS) measurements have been performed. The The oxide growth ( a H c ) is not planar; instead, the oxides serrate the metal surface on an nm scale. The serration is strongest for the soft Nb and smallest for the harder compounds NbN and NbC in parallel to the oxidation rate which is slowest for NbC.The improved ouide quality and better quality of tunnel junctions in comparison with Nb is explained by this first identification of oxinitrides and of reduced serration of NbN (NbC). The first identification of Nb(N, C),-,O, compounds extending into the metals explains, e.g., regions of depressed superconductivity, leakage current and pinning. The fluxaid pinning is enhanced by dielectric oxides existing for sputtered NbN between the grains and thus explaining the superior superconducting properties of granular NbN.
286Karbid-Mehrstoffsysteme weil alle drei Randsysteme nur eine beschränkte Löslichkeit aufweisen und bei hohen Temperaturen ein kubisches MoO auftreten kann. Ein großes, einphasiges Gebiet dürfte sich in der TaO-Ecke befinden, das sich bei höheren Temperaturen nach der WO-und noch stärker nach der Mo 2 0-(Mo0)-Ecke ausdehnen wird. Zerspanungstechnisch interessante Legierungen dürften sich im WO-reichen Zweiphasengehiat zwischen der WO-Ecke und der TaO-Ecke befinden.Bei 2100° gesinterte Körper aus 21,5 Gew.-% TaO, 40 Gew.-% Mo 2 0 und 38,5 Gew.-% WO zeigen nach L. P. MoLKOV und I. V. VIKKER 1 nur TaO-Gitter. Bedeutung Hartmetallen zu, welche Mischkristalle etwa der Zusammensetzung 45 bis'65% TiO, 5 bis 10% VO, 3 bis 25% NbO und 1 bis 20% Mo 2C enthalten (s. Bd. Hartmetalle). Die Mischkristalle der genannten Zusammensetzung sind homogene feste Lösungen mit kubischem Gitter, ein Befund, der für fast alle Vielstofflegierungen mit weniger als 20% Mo 2 0 bei 1500° zutreffen dürfte. Titankarbid-Vanadinkarbid-Molybdänkarbid-Wolframkarbid. Mischungen von 50 bis 58 Gew.-% TiC, 5 bis 22% VC, 5 bis 9% Mo 20 und 22 bis 28 Gew.-% WO, welche bei 1950° gesintert worden waren, zeigen nach L. P. MOLKOV und I. V. VrKKER 1 nur TiO-Gitter.Zerspanungstechnisch interessante Legierungen befinden sich sowohl in der TiO-, als auch in der Zweiphasen-WO-Ecke.
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