Novel biomarkers assist in detection of liver fibrosis in HCV patients

Addissouky, Tamer A.; Wang, Yuliang; Megahed, Fayed Attia Koutb; Agroudy, Ayman E. El; Sayed, Ibrahim El Tantawy El; El‐Torgoman, Abdel Moneim

doi:10.1186/s43066-021-00156-x

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Estradiol metabolism occurs in the liver, so liver disease can increase circulating estrogen levels. Production of clotting factors and binding proteins is also impaired, which can worsen bleeding [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Coagulation disorders like von Willebrand disease inhibit normal platelet plug formation at the time of menses.…”

Section: Systemic Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing Technology to Revolutionize Personalized Therapies for Metrorrhagia

Addissouky

2024

Arch Obstet Gynecol

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Background: Metrorrhagia is defined as irregular uterine bleeding occurring between normal menstrual cycles. Unlike normal menstruation, metrorrhagia is irregular in frequency, duration, and volume. Understanding the etiology of metrorrhagia requires reviewing the hormonal regulation of the normal menstrual cycle. Purpose: This abstract provides an overview of metrorrhagia, including epidemiology, etiology, diagnostic evaluation, management approaches, and future directions. Main Body: Metrorrhagia has a variable prevalence depending on age and underlying causes. Etiologies include hormonal dysfunction leading to anovulatory cycles, uterine structural abnormalities like fibroids or polyps, systemic conditions affecting coagulation or thyroid function, and iatrogenic causes such as intrauterine devices. Diagnostic evaluation aims to elucidate the cause through history, physical exam, laboratory studies, and imaging like pelvic ultrasound or endometrial biopsy. Treatment targets the underlying etiology, using hormonal therapy to regulate ovulation or procedural interventions for structural abnormalities unresponsive to medical management. Traditional herbal medicines provide another historical approach to managing metrorrhagia, though most lack standardization. Looking forward, advances in genomics, biologics, and artificial intelligence may enable more personalized, targeted therapies. Conclusion: Metrorrhagia arises from diverse etiologies encompassing hormonal, structural, systemic, and iatrogenic causes. Diagnosis hinges on a thorough evaluation to direct appropriate treatment ranging from medications to surgery. Further research on individualized therapies promises progress in long-term management.

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Section: Systemic Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing Technology to Revolutionize Personalized Therapies for Metrorrhagia

Addissouky

2024

Arch Obstet Gynecol

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“…Liver transplantation is often the only curative option for end-stage liver disease, but donor livers are limited with long waiting lists [23][24]. Determining the fibrosis stage enables stratification of patients most in need of transplant versus those who may benefit from antifibrotic therapies first [25][26][27]. Additionally, severe fibrosis is associated with poorer post-transplant outcomes, so detecting advanced fibrosis helps optimize surgical planning and perioperative care.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Insights into Fibrotic Livers: Applications of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Machine Learning

Addissouky,

El Sayed,

Ali

et al. 2024

Arch Gastroenterol Res

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Background: Liver fibrosis staging is critical for patient selection and management prior to transplantation, but biopsy is invasive and serum biomarkers lack accuracy. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an emerging non-invasive technology that can detect liver fibrosis via changes in tissue composition. Machine learning (ML) enables analysis of NIRS data for diagnostic modeling. Purpose: To review the potential of NIRS-ML approaches for rapid, point-of-care liver fibrosis detection, including technological principles, promising applications, current limitations, and future directions. Main body of the abstract: NIRS leverages unique near-infrared absorbance patterns reflecting collagen accumulation, lipid reduction, and other chemical alterations in fibrotic liver. Handheld/hyperspectral systems acquire tissue spectroscopic data in minutes. Multiple human studies correlate NIRS with histological fibrosis scores. ML techniques like partial least squares regression, neural networks, support vector machines, and random forests analyze spectra to develop optimized diagnostic algorithms. Initial models differentiate mild versus advanced fibrosis and stage cirrhosis with high accuracy, outperforming traditional biomarkers. Recent advances include smartphone-based scanning, cloud computing, and integrated user-friendly platforms. However, further large validation trials, standardization, assessment of confounding factors, improved ML methodology, and cost-effectiveness data are required before widespread clinical implementation. Conclusion: With ongoing research to address remaining barriers, NIRS-ML approaches hold great disruptive potential for rapid, non-invasive point-of-care quantification of liver fibrosis, including optimizing transplant surgery planning and management.

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“…In 2020, nearly 38 million people were living with HIV infection. While no effective vaccine exists yet, antiretroviral therapy (ART) can effectively suppress viral replication, enabling HIV-infected individuals to achieve near-normal lifespans [10]. However, only 28.2 million people currently access ART, highlighting global disparities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bending the Curve Through Innovations to Overcome Persistent Obstacles in HIV Prevention and Treatment

Addissouky,

El Tantawy El Sayed,

Ali

et al. 2024

J AIDS HIV Treat

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Background: HIV/AIDS remains a major global public health challenge despite significant progress in treatment. New infections and HIV-related deaths persist, fueled by disparities in prevention and care access. Purpose: This review synthesizes recent advances across key domains - from vaccine development to novel treatments to omics approaches – that collectively hold promise for ending the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Main body: Multiple innovative HIV vaccine platforms are now in early-phase trials, including mRNA vaccines as well as conserved epitope and mosaic constructs for broader immunogenicity. Long-acting injectable antiretrovirals represent a major milestone in HIV treatment, while gene editing techniques offer future curative potential. Leveraging multi-omics data through genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics provides systems-level insights into viral persistence and new therapeutic opportunities. The gut microbiome is increasingly recognized as a mediator of HIV progression, spurring research into probiotic/prebiotic supplementation and fecal transplantation. Across these domains, integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning will likely accelerate discovery. Conclusion: Despite past setbacks, the HIV cure effort has renewed momentum. Translating emerging tools like long-acting antiretrovirals and omics profiling into broader clinical application could bend the pandemic’s trajectory. Innovation must be paired with ensuring equitable access to maximize global impact.

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Novel biomarkers assist in detection of liver fibrosis in HCV patients

Cited by 18 publications

References 26 publications

Harnessing Technology to Revolutionize Personalized Therapies for Metrorrhagia

Harnessing Technology to Revolutionize Personalized Therapies for Metrorrhagia

Optical Insights into Fibrotic Livers: Applications of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Machine Learning

Bending the Curve Through Innovations to Overcome Persistent Obstacles in HIV Prevention and Treatment

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