Novel Cast Polyurethanes Obtained by Using Reactive Phosphorus-Containing Polyol: Synthesis, Thermal Analysis and Combustion Behaviors

Abstract

Phosphorus-containing polyol applications in polyurethane synthesis can prevent volatilization of flame retardants and their migration on the surface of a material. In this work, novel cast polyurethanes were prepared by a one-step method with the use of different amounts of phosphorus-containing polyol, 4,4′–diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 1,4-butanediol. The chemical structure, thermal, physicochemical and mechanical properties and flame resistance of the prepared materials were investigated. The results obtained for cast flame-retarded polyurethanes were compared with cast polyurethane synthesized with commonly known polyether polyol. It has been shown that with an increasing amount of phosphorus content to polyurethane’s chemical structure, an increased flame resistance and char yield were found during combustion tests. Phosphorus polyol worked in both the condensed (reduced heat and mass exchange) and gas phase (inhibition of flame propagation during burning). The obtained materials contained phosphorus polyol, indicating higher thermal stability in an oxidative environment than an inert atmosphere.

A novel reaction mechanism for the synthesis of coconut oil-derived biopolyol for rigid poly(urethane-urea) hybrid foam application

“…The rst peak corresponded to the thermal decomposition of urethane and allophanate bonds while the second peak corresponded to the thermal decomposition of the polyol chains. [49][50][51] In contrast, PUp-CDEA exhibits multiple degradation peaks (Fig. 12d).…”

“…9. 49,50 These open cells in the PUA foams offer less resistance to heat transfer thus promoting lesser insulative capacity. Nevertheless, all thermal conductivities of the PUA foams including the wholly substituted PU-p-CDEA (i.e., no petroleum-based p-V490 polyol added) still comply with the established ASTM standards for all types of insulating foams.…”

Thermal Insulating Rigid Polyurethane Foams with Bio-Polyol from Rapeseed Oil Modified by Phosphorus Additive and Reactive Flame Retardants

“…Reactive flame retardants have functional groups in their structure, so they can be covalently bonded to the polymer chain. The incorporation of a modifier in the foam structure allows for a permanent reduction of flammability [ 13 ]. Reactive flame retardants may affect the production of PURFs, changing their physical and mechanical properties [ 14 ].…”

“…Reactive flame retardants can be in the form of oligomeric compounds containing phosphorus, nitrogen, and boron atoms [ 10 , 13 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Polyols used as reactive flame retardants can be obtained by modifying vegetable oils with substances containing phosphorus atoms using transesterification as well as epoxidation and opening of oxirane rings [ 5 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Characterization and Properties of Water-Blown Rigid Polyurethane Foams Reinforced with Silane-Modified Nanosepiolites Functionalized with Graphite

“…However, they have a major drawback in that a large amount of toxic polluting gases are generated during their combustion. For this reason, the halogen-free FRs were developed from compounds based on phosphorus, nitrogen or silicon as substitutes for halogen-based FRs [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”