Novel cell-based therapies in inflammatory bowel diseases: the established concept, promising results

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic and relapsing disorders that affect the quality of life in many individuals around the world. Over the past few years, the prevalence of IBDs is substantially rising which might pose a considerable social and economic burden on health systems. Progresses in the management of chronic inflammatory diseases lead to prolonged remission phase and decreased hospitalization rate. However, during treatment, many patients become refractory to conventional therapies. Recently, advanced approaches using somatic cell therapy medicinal products (SCTMPs) including immune and stem cell-based therapies have drawn many researchers’ attentions. Promising results from recent trials, alongside with the emerging market indicated that these therapeutic approaches could be an alternative and promising treatment to conventional therapies. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in cell-based therapies, which have been developed for treatment of IBDs. In addition, the global emerging market and the novel products in this field are highlighted.

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“…IBD, which comprises Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract with an intricate etiopathogenesis involving genetic predisposition, dysbiosis, increased intestinal permeability, and a dysregulated immune response. These factors lead to loss of tolerance to self-antigens and an overactive mucosal immune response against gut flora, which ultimately contributes to epithelial cell destruction ( 95 ). Immunopathological research has highlighted CD’s aberrant Th1 and Th17 responses, characterized by increased IL-12/IL-23 and IFN-γ/IL-17, respectively.…”

Tuberculosis and Autoimmunity

“…They caused immune tolerance, resolution of immune responses and prevention of AI by inhibition of effector and autoreactive T cells and by promotion of Treg cells [178][179][180]. TolDCs have become promising cell-based therapies for treatment of AIDs [181][182][183][184][185].…”

General consensus on multimodal functions and validation analysis of perinatal derivatives for regenerative medicine applications

“…Similarly, the application of allogeneic UC-MSC exhibited safety, feasibility, limited or no adverse effects, and led to the improvement of clinical symptoms. However, no significant changes in the levels of inflammatory cytokines in blood serum were detected (Hossein-khannazer et al, 2021;Vieujean et al, 2022).…”

“…Experimental approaches have been translated into clinical settings by using stem cell-based therapies for IBDs. Recent data showed that local administration of autologous MSC into perianal fistula leads to an enhanced healing process, promoted fistula relief, and ameliorated clinical complications ( Hossein-khannazer et al, 2021 ).…”