Novel chemometrics‑assisted spectroscopic methods for diagnosis and monitoring of invasive ductal carcinoma in breast tissue

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Early diagnosis of breast cancer is extremely important because it is the most common female cancer and a leading cause of cancer death in adult women. In this study, it is aimed to create Raman mapping with developed chemometrics-assisted Raman and FT-IR spectroscopy methods for the diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) in breast tissue samples. METHODS: Samples were deparaffi nized and 20-micron layers of each tissue were located on a coverslip. Mapping of both healthy and cancerous tissues were performed by exposing them to Raman laser at 532 and 758 nm while excitation was recorded at wavenumbers in range of 100-4,000 cm-1. Orthogonal partial least square (OPLS) algorithm was applied to evaluate obtained Raman spectra. Latent variable was selected to explain the whole model. RESULTS: Healthy and IDC tissues were accurately and precisely clustered with Raman mapping and obtained results were compared to those obtained by means of histopathology and FT-IR methods. It is claimed that the proposed method has a great potential in clustering and separating IDC tissues from the healthy ones. CONCLUSION: This novel, rapid, precise, easy and objective diagnosis method may be an alternative to conventional diagnostic methods for IDC in breast tissue (Fig. 5, Ref. 22).