Novel Cmos Technology-Based Linear Grounded Voltage Controlled Resistor

Abstract

In this paper, a grounded voltage controlled resistor (GVCR) employing eight CMOS transistors, all of which are operating in saturation region, is proposed. The developed GVCR has two identical control voltages in opposite sign for electronically changing the resistance value. The linearity of the current-voltage (I - V) characteristic of the proposed GVCR is not affected by the body effect of the transistors. Computer simulation results with SPICE program are given to exhibit the performance and effectiveness of the introduced GVCR.

Grounded Voltage Controlled Positive Resistor with Ultra Low Power Consumption

“…17. Note that due to limited information in some of the listed references the FoM is calculated and compared only for GVCPRs in [4] and [7]- [9]. Here it is worth noting that for the proposed GVCPR the highest value of FoM denotes superior circuit performance.…”

A Simple Schmitt Trigger Circuit with Grounded Passive Elements and Its Application to Square/Triangular Wave Generator

“…It should be noted that the use of grounded resistors in the proposed circuit can be an advantage when they are implemented with CMOS transistors to obtain electronic tunability. It is well known that grounded resistor can be implemented with lower number of transistors when compared to floating ones [34]. Moreover, it is easy to reduce or cancel the parasitic impedance effects of the active circuits including only grounded passive components [32].…”

CMOS Voltage-Controlled Negative Resistance Realization

“…In earlier works, there are some VCR circuits which were devised based upon the use of JFETs [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]17,18,26,28,30] while some current-controlled resistances using BJTs have also been proposed such as those in [8,9]. On the other hand, the grounded VCRs proposed in [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][21][22][23][24] employ MOS transistors operating in triode/saturation regions in which those operating in the former regime exhibit a square nonlinearity in the expression of their drain current which is canceled with an appropriately devised additional MOS-transistors-based circuitry. Many such linearized VCRs or more general linearized voltage-controlled impedances based upon such ideas of nonlinearity-cancellation have also been formulated with the help of a variety of analog building blocks such as operational amplifiers [2][3][4][5]7,17,18], Operational transconductance amplifiers (OTA) [19], second-generation Current Conveyors (CCII) as in [6] (also see [7] and [26]), current feedback op-amps (CFOA) along with a JFET/MOSFET and a few resistors, as in [28,30] and CFOAs and an analog multiplier as in [29].…”