Polylactic acid (PLA) possesses many advantages, especially biodegradability, and has subsequently been used in many regions. Unfortunately, its disadvantages, including its brittleness, become an obstacle to its application and constrain its development. In this study, Polystyrene‐b‐poly(ethylene‐co‐1‐butene)‐b‐polystyrene (SEBS) is used as the toughener and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP‐g‐MA) is used as the compatibilizer. The melt‐blending technique for polymers is employed to modify PLA in order to produce PLA/SEBS membranes. For PLA/SEBS membranes, the optimal matrices are made of a blending ratio of PLA/SEBS/PP‐g‐MA being 57/40/3. Next, polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHGH) is combined with the optimal membranes to form PLA/SEBS antibacterial membranes, the crystallinity, thermal properties, and antibacterial properties of which are examined to determine the effect of the PHGH content. The test results show that an appropriate content of SEBS or PHGH has a positive influence on PLA/SEBS antibacterial membranes. Moreover, the antibacterial membranes exhibit greater antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli (E. coli) than is gained with an increase in the PHGH content.