Novel cross-linked membranes based on polybenzimidazole and polymeric ionic liquid with improved proton conductivity for HT-PEMFC applications

Chen, Hao; Wang, Shuang; Li, Jinsheng; Liu, Fengxiang; Tian, Xue; Wang, Xu; Mao, Tiejun; Xu, Jingmei; Wang, Zhe

doi:10.1016/j.jtice.2018.06.036

Cited by 52 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…12,13 Several approaches have been proposed for the IL immobilization into PEM matrix, such as phosphoric acid doping of polybenzimidazole membranes, 14 grafting of ILs to titanate nanotubes, 15 grafting of imidazolium poly-ILs onto silica nanoparticles, 16 crosslinking of sPEEK with organometallic frameworks 17 or even the insertion of cross-links in the very structure of the polymer matrix as it was proposed by. 18,19 One less explored way to overcome these issues is the incorporation of modified montmorillonite as an "anchor" as described by a previous study. 20 Another possibility for avoiding the lixiviation of IL during operation could be found in the increase of the compatibility between the IL and polymer matrix, which has been tried by using copolymers containing segments with IL compatible structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the literature, charge transport from anode to cathode occurs as a synergic process that combines hopping and diffusion mechanisms, 11 diffusion of charge transporting agent through the solid involves the possibility of leaking, which has previously observed to be a threat for IL incorporation into PEMs, aiming device durability 12,13 . Several approaches have been proposed for the IL immobilization into PEM matrix, such as phosphoric acid doping of polybenzimidazole membranes, 14 grafting of ILs to titanate nanotubes, 15 grafting of imidazolium poly‐ILs onto silica nanoparticles, 16 crosslinking of sPEEK with organometallic frameworks 17 or even the insertion of cross‐links in the very structure of the polymer matrix as it was proposed by 18,19 . One less explored way to overcome these issues is the incorporation of modified montmorillonite as an “anchor” as described by a previous study 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabrication of hybrid proton‐exchange membranes using a brandnew high temperature ionic liquid as charge transporting and clay modifier

Arias

Bento

Marques

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The search for more compatibility between ionic liquids (ILs) and polymer matrices in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is one of the ways in which IL leaking from proton-exchange membranes could be minimized. In this work, it is presented the synthesis of an aromatic high temperature ionic liquid (HTIL), which, incorporated into an aromatic matrix such as sulfonated polyether ether ketone (sPEEK), is expected to diminish the IL leaking that normally affects PEMFC. Phenylethylammonium trifluoromethane sulfonate (PhetaTfO) was successfully synthesized and characterized. Its melting point of 88 C makes it to classify as a HTIL and it was employed as modifier of natural Montmorillonite, forming the phenylethylammonium intercalated montmorillonite (MmtPheta) and thus, ternary membranes containing PhetaTfO, MmtPheta, and sPEEK were prepared and characterized. Immersion tests demonstrated a higher compatibility of PhetaTfO with matrix when compared to the reference DemaTfO, which was reflected in up to 30% lower IL loss by the synthesized IL than the DemaTfO; X-rays diffraction (XRD) patterns demonstrated that the modified clay was properly dispersed inside the membranes, while dynamic mechanical analyses (DMA) results indicated a strong plasticizer effect along the increase of PhetaTfO content inside the membrane, while at the same time, the conductivity increased in an exponential manner, which permitted to identify an empiric exponential equation to evaluate the effect of concentration on ionic conductivity. The maximum conductivity obtained at IL concentrations of around 38 wt% was 0.2 mS/cm. It could expect high ionic conductivities of 10 mS/cm when the concentration of this IL is 60%; nevertheless, in order to achieve that, crosslinking treatments should be done to give the membranes enough mechanical resistance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of hybrid proton‐exchange membranes using a brandnew high temperature ionic liquid as charge transporting and clay modifier

Arias

Bento

Marques

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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show abstract

“…Afterwards IPA is added then temperature rose to 220 � C. 56 Phosphorous pentoxide (P 2 O 5 ), used as a catalyst, can be added with IPA or dicarboxylic acid and stirred at the same time. 57 It helps in dehydrating the PPA which is very important for the polymerization reaction. Triphenyl phosphate (TPP) was used by Lobato J. as the catalyst.…”

Section: Synthesis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PBI/PIL membranes achieved the proton conductivity of 0.117 S cm �1 after crosslinking with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-560). 57 Also, both IPA and its hydroxy substituted form 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid (Figure 16) were used together to get the composite membranes based on polybenzimidazole containing hydroxyl groups (PBIOH) and ionic liquid-functional silica (ILS) nanoparticles, PBIOH-ILS membranes have been reported. They show a high proton conductivity of 0.106 S cm �1 at 170 � C as compared to pristine PBIOH at 160 � C (0.0755 cm �1 ).…”

Section: Diacid Monomer-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polybenzimidazoles as proton exchange membrane in fuel cell applications

Chikhaliya

Rathwa

Likhariya

2021

High Performance Polymers

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As the world’s transportation is seeking to switch towards renewable and sustainable sources of energy, the research in fuel cell technology has gained momentum. Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) operating at temperature range 100–200°C (high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells, HT-PEMFCs) has gained interest in their major application to electric power generation. The most promising material is polybenzimidazoles (PBI). Synthesis methods such as condensation polymerization, solid-state or melt polymerization, etc. give the polymer with different inherent viscosity. The monomer modifications both in tetramine and the diacid, reveal variations in glass transition value. Further insight into the membrane casting solvents and methods along with its proton conductivity has been reviewed. Review paper is comprising of Part 1: for the synthesis methods, structural changes, and applications of PBIs in HT-PEMFCs while, Part 2: for the various kinds of PBIs has been discussed.[Formula: see text]

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“…This fact implies the need to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases and the limited availability of fossil fuels, whose price and accessibility are strongly influenced by social, political, economic, and geographical factors [ 1 ]. In order to reduce these factors, fuel cells are a very promising option, particularly due to their high efficiency and low emissions [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Therefore, many works are being carried out to optimize this technology through both experimental results and modelling [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Anion Exchange Membranes Based on Semi-Interpenetrating Networks of Functionalized Polysulfone: Effect of Ionic Crosslinking

et al. 2021

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In this work, anion exchange membranes based on polymer semi-interpenetrating networks were synthesized and characterized for the first time. The networks are composed of sulfonated polysulfone and 1-methylimidazolium-functionalized polysulfone crosslinked covalently with N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (degree of crosslinking of 5%). In these membranes, sulfonic groups interact electrostatically with cationic groups to form an ionic crosslinking structure with improved alkaline stability. The effect of the ionic crosslinking on the thermal, chemical, mechanical, and electrochemical behavior of membranes was studied. These crosslinked membranes containing sulfonated polysulfone showed higher thermal stability, with a delay of around 20 °C in the onset decomposition temperature value of the functional groups than the crosslinked membranes containing free polysulfone. The tensile strength values were maintained above 44 MPa in all membranes with a degree of chloromethylation (DC) below 100%. The maximum ionic conductivity value is reached with the membrane with the highest degree of chloromethylation. The chemical stability in alkaline medium of the conducting membranes also improved. Thus, the ionic conductivity variation of the membranes after 96 h in a 1 M potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution is less pronounced when polysulfone is replaced by sulfonated polysulfone. So, the ionic crosslinking which joins both components of the blends together, improves the material’s properties making progress in the development of new solid electrolyte for polymeric fuel cells.

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Novel cross-linked membranes based on polybenzimidazole and polymeric ionic liquid with improved proton conductivity for HT-PEMFC applications

Cited by 52 publications

References 52 publications

Fabrication of hybrid proton‐exchange membranes using a brandnew high temperature ionic liquid as charge transporting and clay modifier

Fabrication of hybrid proton‐exchange membranes using a brandnew high temperature ionic liquid as charge transporting and clay modifier

Polybenzimidazoles as proton exchange membrane in fuel cell applications

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Anion Exchange Membranes Based on Semi-Interpenetrating Networks of Functionalized Polysulfone: Effect of Ionic Crosslinking

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