Novel design and adaptive coordinated energy management of hybrid fuel‐cells/tidal/wind/PV array energy systems with battery storage for microgrids

Abstract

This paper proposes a comprehensive solution to the challenges of managing a hybrid microgrid that generates electricity from multiple sustainable energy sources by proposing a coordinated energy management strategy and storage system. As renewable energy generation becomes increasingly popular, it introduces greater intermittency and stochasticity in energy management. To address this issue, a coordinated energy management strategy and storage system is proposed, which includes a fuzzy logic modified super twisting algorithm (MSTA). The objectives are to optimize the design and operation of microgrid including electrical based energy conversion systems such as photovoltaic and wind turbines, fuel cells, tidal energy, electric vehicle charging stations, and main grid. The second objective is to develop an energy management system for hybrid energy storage systems (HESS) and renewable energy sources (RESs) to maximize power production and ensure service continuity and smooth output energy of the microgrid, while also providing optimal benefits. To maintain cost‐effectiveness, an On/Off maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is also proposed. The contribution of this paper is to provide a solution to the intermittent and stochastic nature of renewable energy management and to improve the efficiency and durability of the energy conversion systems. The proposed management unit provides consistent output power and long‐term service.

Comparative analysis and implementation of DC microgrid systems versus AC microgrid performance

“…The physical prototype layout of a 4-terminal DC microgrid has been extended to six terminals (Belkhier and Oubelaid, 2024;Al-Ismail, 2021;Ali et al, 2021;Al sumarmad et al, 2023) in the simulation environment, as shown in Figure 10 above. The ratings of software model has been enlisted in Table 3.…”

Research on distribution–microgrid-coupled network demand response based on a multi-time scale

“…Microgrids can provide an effective solution to the problems of difficult distributed resource management and insufficient power grid regulation capacity caused by new energy access (Ju and Chen, 2023;Belkhier and Oubelaid, 2024). At the same time, demand response guides users to actively shift and avoid peak loads through market-oriented means (Xu et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2020), which effectively reduce peak loads while also obtaining certain economic benefits for users.…”