Novel Ehrlichia sp. detected in Magellanic penguins (Sphenicus magellanicus) and in the seabird tick Ixodes uriae from Magdalena Island, southern Chile

Molecular Survey of Anaplasmataceae Agents and Coxiellaceae in Non-Hematophagous Bats and Associated Ectoparasites from Brazil

“…is not recognized as a new genus, mainly due to the difficulty of isolation [14][15][16][17]. Additionally, a plethora of uncultured agents was also described in the literature with the 'Candidatus' status [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Characterization of “Candidatus Ehrlichia Pampeana” in Haemaphysalis juxtakochi Ticks and Gray Brocket Deer (Mazama gouazoubira) from Uruguay

“…were detected in ticks of the genus Amblyomma [13,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. Recently, new Ehrlichia genotypes were described in Ixodes uriae from Chile and Ixodes auritulus from Uruguay [2,14]. Collectively, these findings suggest that different Ehrlichia species and genotypes are circulating in South American ecosystems.…”

“…These microorganisms are classified as α-proteobacteria belonging to the family Anaplasmataceae included in the order Rickettsiales [1]. Wild mammals, and probably birds [2], constitute natural vertebrate hosts for Ehrlichia spp., which are horizontally transmitted through tick bites [3]. Ehrlichia species infect different cells in mammals and ticks.…”

“…Recent molecular studies performed in South America have unveiled novel genotypes of Ehrlichia retrieved from domestic and wild vertebrates, as well as from their ticks [2,13]. For instance, in Uruguay there is only one characterization of Ehrlichia which corresponds to two novel genotypes currently found in Ixodes auritulus [14].…”

Molecular Detection and Identification of “Candidatus Ehrlichia hainanensis”, A novel Ehrlichia Species in Rodents from Hainan Province, China

“…Besides, E. ruminantium as well as several closely related Ehrlichia species, E. ewingii, E. canis and E. muris-like agent have also been proved to infect human [10][11][12][13][14]40]. Although some Ehrlichia species were characterized from ticks or vertebrate animals in recent years [6,[41][42][43][44][45], few studies have been carried out on their pathogenicity to human beings. In this study, due to the far relationship between Candidatus E. hainanensis and other Ehrlichia species, it is di cult to speculate whether it may infect human or not.…”