Novel Extensions to Enhance Scalability and Reliability of the IEEE 802.15.4-DSME Protocol

Battaglia, Filippo; Collotta, Mario; Leonardi, Luca; Bello, Lucia Lo; Patti, Gaetano

doi:10.3390/electronics9010126

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Similarly to [11], Battaglia et al propose a novel ACK scheme based on the periodicity of traffic flows to prevent the retransmission overhead of GACKs according to the IEEE 802.15.4 standard [3]. In DSME, a GTS is repeated every MSF even if a flow has a period of n MSFs, resulting in n − 1 unused GTS.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our analysis suggests that apart from a few cases, GACKs do not constitute a valid alternative to the direct acknowledgement of data packets.The goal is to evaluate if GACKs constitute a viable alternative to regular acknowledgments in data collections scenarios with high reliability. In contrast to GACK schemes from the literature [6,11,3], the goal of the proposed GACK schemes is a higher flexibility. For this, retransmissions are conducted through regular GTS and the transmission…”

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confidence: 99%

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Are Group Acknowledgements Worth Anything in IEEE 802.15.4 DSME: A Comparative Analysis

Meyer¹,

Malessa²,

Diercks³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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For data collection scenarios in the Industrial Internet of Things, wireless communication provides a cost-effective and easy-to-deploy alternative to wired networks. The main focus lies on energy efficiency and reliability, as many devices are battery operated. IEEE 802.15.4 DSME enhances reliability by acknowledging each packet individually, imposing an overhead for each transmitted packet, and increasing energy consumption. In networks with little interference, it may be beneficial to aggregate the acknowledgments for multiple nodes and broadcast them in a compressed format to all nodes in the neighborhood. The IEEE 802.15.4 2012 standard describes such a group acknowledgment scheme which, however, disappears in later iterations of the standard. This paper compares different group acknowledgment schemes and proposes a novel group acknowledgment scheme with the goal to examine whether group acknowledgments constitute a viable alternative to regular acknowledgments in reliable data-collection scenarios. Our analysis suggests that apart from a few cases, GACKs do not constitute a valid alternative to the direct acknowledgement of data packets.The goal is to evaluate if GACKs constitute a viable alternative to regular acknowledgments in data collections scenarios with high reliability. In contrast to GACK schemes from the literature [6,11,3], the goal of the proposed GACK schemes is a higher flexibility. For this, retransmissions are conducted through regular GTS and the transmission

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Group Acknowledgements Worth Anything in IEEE 802.15.4 DSME: A Comparative Analysis

Meyer¹,

Malessa²,

Diercks³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Using this information, the coordinator reallocates the GTSs that was assigned to the moved node to another node. Battaglia et al [28] proposed the concept of shareable GTS for DSME networks, which can be redundantly allocated to one or more periodic traffics having a period longer than the length of the multi-superframe, thereby improving the usability of the CFP. However, these studies commonly use the fixed multisuperframe structure of DSME standard, and thus it is difficult to adapt to highly-varying traffic load.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traffic-Adaptive CFP Extension for IEEE 802.15.4 DSME MAC in Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks

et al. 2021

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This paper presents a traffic-adaptive contention free period (CFP) extension (TaCFPext) protocol for IEEE 802.15.4 deterministic synchronous multichannel extension (DSME) medium access control (MAC), which aims to satisfy the traffic adaptability requirement of industrial wireless sensor networks (IWSNs). The legacy DSME standard has limitations in accommodating highly-varying traffic load in IWSNs due to the use of a fixed multi-superframe structure. TaCFPext enables a node to adaptively use a contention access period (CAP) as an extended CFP (i.e., extCFP) on the demands of traffic loads in a distributed manner. The node starts TaCFPext when it determines that the CFP of the current multisuperframe is not sufficient to accommodate the traffic load. Then, the node selects a CAP to be used as an extCFP, on which it gets allocated extended guaranteed time slot (i.e., extGTS). When the traffic load decrease, the extGTS is deallocated prior to the GTS in CFP, and the extCFP returns to CAP again. An experimental simulation was performed to verify the superiority of TaCFPext. The results showed that TaCFPext outperforms legacy DSME in terms of aggregate throughput and average delay under the various traffic conditions.

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“…In particular, a broad spectrum of wireless communication systems has recently been considered for IoT applications. Among them, short-range technologies such as Near Field Communication (NFC) [4], very long-range ones such as WiMAX [5], low-power technologies such as Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) [6][7][8], high-power ones such as cellular networks (3G/4G/5G) [9][10][11], and some amendments to the IEEE 802.11 and the IEEE 802.15.4 standards [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Assessment of the LoRaWAN Medium Access Control Protocols for IoT: Does Listen before Talk Perform Better than ALOHA?

et al. 2020

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Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWANs) are emerging as appealing solutions for several Internet of Things (IoT) applications, such as healthcare, smart cities and Industry 4.0, thanks to their ease of deployment, low energy consumption and large coverage range. LoRaWAN is one of the most successful LPWAN standards, as it supports robust long-distance communications using low-cost devices. To comply with the ETSI regulations, LoRaWAN can adopt as medium access control (MAC) layer either a pure ALOHA approach with duty-cycle limitations or a polite spectrum access technique, such as Listen Before Talk (LBT). The two approaches have their pros and cons that need to be carefully evaluated. The studies in the literature that so far have addressed an evaluation of MAC protocols for LoRaWAN refer to a previous and now obsolete version of the ETSI regulations, therefore they do not take into account the current limits on the timing parameters for polite spectrum access, such as that maximum time an end-node is allowed to be transmitting per hour. For this reason, the contribution of this work is two-fold. First, the paper discusses the restrictions that the current ETSI regulations impose on some timing parameters of the two kinds of MAC protocols for LoRaWAN. Second, the paper provides comparative performance assessments of the two protocols through simulations in realistic scenarios under different workload conditions.

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Novel Extensions to Enhance Scalability and Reliability of the IEEE 802.15.4-DSME Protocol

Cited by 16 publications

References 31 publications

Are Group Acknowledgements Worth Anything in IEEE 802.15.4 DSME: A Comparative Analysis

Are Group Acknowledgements Worth Anything in IEEE 802.15.4 DSME: A Comparative Analysis

Traffic-Adaptive CFP Extension for IEEE 802.15.4 DSME MAC in Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks

Comparative Assessment of the LoRaWAN Medium Access Control Protocols for IoT: Does Listen before Talk Perform Better than ALOHA?

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