Novel genipin‐collagen immobilization of polylactic acid (PLA) fibers for use as tissue engineering scaffolds

Abstract

The material surface plays an important role in the case of biomaterials used as tissue engineering scaffolds. On exposure to a biological environment, extra cellular matrix (ECM) proteins are adsorbed non-specifically onto the surface and cells interact indirectly with the surface through the adsorbed proteins. Most synthetic polymeric biomaterials lack the desirable surface properties for cells as well as have poor cellular adhesion due to their hydrophobic nature. The main objective of this study was to harness surface functionalization technologies to fabricate scaffolds that would be biocompatible and support the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblast cells. The collagen was immobilized on the surface of functionalized PLA via a novel natural cross-linking molecule genipin which resulted in improved cell proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts as compared to the PLA surface coated with collagen without genipin. It is believed that genipin helps reduce steric problems between the functional groups and large protein molecules, and enables immobilized peptide to move more freely in a biological environment.

Electrospun 3D Fibrous Scaffolds for Chronic Wound Repair

“…Collagen type I is the major component of skin-native ECM with abundant arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) peptide to stimulate cell attachment [32]. It is widely accepted that the incorporation of native protein is desirable as a promising scaffolding material to modulate cellular behaviors through the cell-substrate interactions [33,34,35,36]. With the purpose of activating cell-material interactions, we engineered the PLGA fiber surface with collagen type I through chemical modification and we qualitatively examined it using ATR-FTIR.…”

Enhanced Growth of Lapine Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Derived Fibroblasts on Scaffolds Embroidered from Poly(l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) and Polylactic Acid Threads Functionalized by Fluorination and Hexamethylene Diisocyanate Cross-Linked Collagen Foams

“…Functionalization can not only be executed by coating with cross-linked collagen but also with a fluorination of the material surface to upgrade the actual basic PLA framework e.g., leading to increased hemocompatibility as an indicator of cytocompatibility [33] or elevated cell adhesion [34]. The effect of gas-phase fluorination on biomaterials is not fully understood but includes radical chain reactions on the material surface, resulting in fluorine radical formation, which opens C-H bonds and generates novel C-F, C-F2 and C-F3 groups ( [35], Schroepfer et al: Gas-phase fluorination on PLA improves cell adhesion and spreading, submitted in 2020 to ACS Omega).…”

Collagen-functionalized electrospun smooth and porous polymeric scaffolds for the development of human skin-equivalent

“…23 Other approaches, such as the use of crosslinkers, plasma treatment, aminolysis, hydrolysis, treatment with phosphorous pentachloride has also been reported as ways to modify the PLLA surface to attract biomolecules. [24][25][26][27] In most of these approaches, the reactive group was not long-lasting, and hence the functionality was lost. In other studies, reactive groups were introduced, and proteins were attached to the PLLA scaffold using a three-step complex by graing maleic anhydride, which was then reacted with diamines, followed by coupling to proteins.…”