Novel Insights into Activated Carbon Derived from Municipal Solid Waste for CO2 Uptake: Synthesis, Adsorption Isotherms and Scale-up

Abstract

Recently, developing bio-based carbon materials due to the surface chemistry and a large spectrum of pore structures have received much attention. In the present work, a series of activated carbon (AC) adsorbents were synthesized from the compost derived by the mechanical/biological treatment of municipal solid wastes and evaluated regarding their CO 2 uptake. The AC samples were characterized by sulfuric acid and calcination by N 2 at 400 and 800°C. Then, the CO 2 uptake capacities were evaluated by dynamic breakthrough experiments in a temperature range of 40-100°C and pressures up to 3 bar. The presented data were properly described by Langmuir model and it was revealed that the CMSW-S-800 sample, treated with sulfuric acid and activated at 800°C, has the highest CO 2 uptake capacity with an amount adsorbed around 2.6 mol/kg at 40°C. In the next step, a mathematical model has been developed to match the experimental dynamic breakthrough data and design a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) cyclic process to evaluate the capacity and potential of the best AC sample for CO 2 adsorption. The results arising from this work showed a possible route for the application of the compost as a source of activated carbon for the sorption of greenhouse gases.

Designing a simple volumetric apparatus for measuring gas adsorption equilibria and kinetics of sorption. Application and validation for CO2, CH4 and N2 adsorption in binder-free beads of 4A zeolite

“…Nowadays, one of the world challenging issues is the global climate change and rising level of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere, originating from anthropogenic activities [1,2]. This environmental concern deriving from the combustion of coal, petroleum and petrochemical industries [3,4] is expected to be intensified as consequence of economic growth and industrial development [5][6][7].…”

Determination of the heat capacity of cellulosic biosamples employing diverse machine learning approaches

“…Tangang et al declared that the current rising level of GHGs contributes to around 3–5 ° C temperature increment of this planet at the end of this century, raising the sea level about 95 cm 11 . In this way, according to the BLUE map scenario of the international energy agency, 12 renewable and sustainable energy sources, including biomass, 13 solar irradiation, 14 wind power, 15 can supply a significant percentage of energy consumption worldwide 16 …”

“…11 In this way, according to the BLUE map scenario of the international energy agency, 12 renewable and sustainable energy sources, including biomass, 13 solar irradiation, 14 wind power, 15 can supply a significant percentage of energy consumption worldwide. 16 Currently, biomass is the world's third source of energy. 17 Based on the united nations environment program report, 140 billion tons of biomass are annually produced worldwide.…”

Use of dirty plastic waste as precursors for activated carbon production—A contribution to the circular economy

“…Urban waste has been used in the production of ACs for malathion removal from the liquid phase (Habila et al, 2015) and ACs for CO 2 capture (Karimia et al, 2020).…”

“…ACs can be produced from a diversity of precursors, with different origins and compositions, by physical or chemical activation using a multiplicity of physical (Vogt et al, 2019) or chemical activating agents (Heidarinejad et al, 2020). The production of ACs is a process well known, and several precursors have been used for this purpose, such as cork, mineral coal and cotton (Carrott et al, 2016;Márquez et al, 2021;Shirvanimoghaddam et al, 2019); rice husk and walnut peel, olive pit, almond peel, wood composites and polyethylene-F I G U R E 1 Plastics used in agricultural activities terephthalate (Fetene et al, 2018); polyacrylonitrile, poly-etherketone and diversity of wood waste (Cansado et al, 2018;Mourão et al, 2011;Qiang et al, 2021;Siipola et al, 2020); wood furniture waste (chipboard and plywood), scrap tyres, urban sewage and straw (Karimia et al, 2020;Sainz-Diaz & Griffiths, 2000); carob waste (Viegas et al, 2020) and urban waste (Cabrita et al, 2010).…”