Novel intelligent multi-agents system for hybrid adaptive protection of micro-grid

Aazami, Rahmat; Esmaeilbeigi, Saman; Valizadeh, Majid; Javadi, Mohammad Sadegh

doi:10.1016/j.segan.2022.100682

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The protector agents then transfer their analysis and calculations to the management agents in the substation (middle) layer through the regional agent to decide fault existence, type, and location, thereby updating relay settings, and then activating performer agents in the lowest layer to either open or close required CBs. Meanwhile, evaluation agents in the upper layer scrutinize and assess the modifications for further improvements or upgrades [144,145]. In [146][147][148][149], the deployment of multiagentbased protection methods in MGs is examined for fault detection, relay configuration updates, and maintaining adequate coordination, though high impedance faults and communication failures offer significant restrictions in the use of such strategies.…”

Section: Multiagent-based Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative framework for AC-microgrid protection schemes: challenges, solutions, real applications, and future trends

Sheta

Abdulsalam

Sedhom

et al. 2023

Prot Control Mod Power Syst

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With the rapid development of electrical power systems in recent years, microgrids (MGs) have become increasingly prevalent. MGs improve network efficiency and reduce operating costs and emissions because of the integration of distributed renewable energy sources (RESs), energy storage, and source-load management systems. Despite these advances, the decentralized architecture of MGs impacts the functioning patterns of the entire system, including control strategy, energy management philosophy, and protection scheme. In this context, developing a convenient protection strategy for MGs is challenging because of various obstacles, such as the significant variance in short-circuit values under different operating modes, two-way power flow, asynchronous reclosing, protection blinding, sympathetic tripping, and loss of coordination. In light of these challenges, this paper reviews prior research on proposed protection schemes for AC-MGs to thoroughly evaluate network protection's potential issues. The paper also provides a comprehensive overview of the MG structure and the associated protection challenges, solutions, real applications, and future trends.

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Section: Multiagent-based Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative framework for AC-microgrid protection schemes: challenges, solutions, real applications, and future trends

Sheta

Abdulsalam

Sedhom

et al. 2023

Prot Control Mod Power Syst

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“…The proposed adaptive protective scheme focused on the OCR coordination problem without considering EF. Aazami et al [24] showed that conventional tripping characteristics can lead to a number of mis-coordination especially for directional OCR. In general, the recent literature focused on using new adaptive approaches to handle the OCR coordination problem in microgrid systems [23,24], however, the proposed approaches did not take into account EF relays coordination or use them as part of their approaches.…”

Section: A Motivation and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aazami et al [24] showed that conventional tripping characteristics can lead to a number of mis-coordination especially for directional OCR. In general, the recent literature focused on using new adaptive approaches to handle the OCR coordination problem in microgrid systems [23,24], however, the proposed approaches did not take into account EF relays coordination or use them as part of their approaches. In 2020, Balyith et al [25] introduced a noncommunication-based time-current-voltage coordination approach for directional OCR in a microgrid system.…”

Section: A Motivation and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Coordination Method for Overcurrent Protection Relays Using New Hybrid and Dynamic Tripping Characteristics for Microgrid

et al. 2022

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Nowadays, the Overcurrent (OC) and Earth Fault (EF) relays coordination problem is one of the most complex and challenging concerns of power protection and network operators due to the high and volatile generation capacity of renewable energy sources in the grid. In this article, a new and dynamic optimal coordination scheme based on a novel hybrid tripping characteristic has been designed and developed for Over Current Relays (OCRs). Considering the impact of renewable energy sources such as the photovoltaic (PV) system on fault characteristic, this work presents and verifies a novel dynamic and hybrid tripping to achieve minimum tripping time and improve the OCR and EF relays coordination performance in terms of security, sensitivity, and selectivity. The proposed dynamic and hybrid scheme will help the OCRs to cover the EF events, and it has been tested under different fault scenarios compared to the literature. The IEEE-9 and IEEE-33 bus systems are implemented in the ETAP package to validate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid characteristics against traditionally well-established IEC characteristics. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed advance and dynamic protection approach which doesn't require a communication infrastructure is investigated for a power network with PV plants under different grid operation modes and topology to provide more robustness protection system. The results, as presented using Industrial software (ETAP), showed that the novel dynamic and hybrid tripping scheme improved the speed of the total time tripping different fault scenarios and location by more than 50% and covers all EF events compared to traditional OCR schemes from the literature. The proposed novel dynamic approach has superior performance in detecting high-impedance faults and significantly reducing the tripping time on the IEEE 33 bus network by 47%.INDEX TERMS Over current relays, Earth fault relay, Dynamic coordination scheme, Renewable energy sources, PV.

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“…Adaptive and multi-agent protective systems have been presented in references [6,7], which observe the microgrid continuously, and a new protection setting would be applied by changing the topology. However, this scheme requires a communication infrastructure to transfer data between protection systems and relays with high security and a fast communication rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐agent protection scheme for microgrid using deep learning

Najar,

Kazemi Karegar,

Esmaeilbeigi

2024

IET Renewable Power Gen

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Producing clean energy and feeding critical loads in islanding mode are the main reasons for interest in microgrids. Different operation topologies of microgrids make traditional protection schemes inefficient. This paper proposes a multi‐agent protection scheme in which each protection agent can detect different fault events and isolate faulty phases at a fast rate. A unique algorithm is utilized for determining fault location in microgrids and system operators are informed accordingly. Microgrids have various operation modes due to the stochastic behavior of distributed generators and different topologies. Here, a significant number of operating conditions of the studied microgrid are considered. These operation conditions are simulated in the DIgSILENT Power Factory, and different parameters are stored. Raw measured parameters need to be pre‐processed by a signal processing method in MATLAB. Discrete wavelet transform is chosen for this purpose. Deep learning is used as a machine learning technique due to the various operation modes of the microgrid. Deep neural networks are constructed using Python programming language. The proposed scheme ensures high accuracy in fault detection and fault location in the microgrid, as well as fault isolation in different operation conditions.

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Novel intelligent multi-agents system for hybrid adaptive protection of micro-grid

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Comparative framework for AC-microgrid protection schemes: challenges, solutions, real applications, and future trends

Comparative framework for AC-microgrid protection schemes: challenges, solutions, real applications, and future trends

Advanced Coordination Method for Overcurrent Protection Relays Using New Hybrid and Dynamic Tripping Characteristics for Microgrid

Multi‐agent protection scheme for microgrid using deep learning

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