For a better understanding of the preservation of organic matter in clay minerals, the 1 adsorption of a model humic substance, the Gallic Acid (GA), onto a Na-montmorillonite 2 (Na-Mt) was performed in batch situation for various experimental conditions (pH=2, 5, 7) in 3 order to mimic the natural context. The adsorption efficiency and change in the clay mineral 4 were characterized via a set of complementary experimental techniques (Fourier transform 5 infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, elemental analyses). Adsorption isotherms at the 6 equilibrium were fitted with the models of Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevitch 7 allowing one to precisely quantify the adsorption through the derived fitting parameters. From 8 the adsorption data combined with complementary results of the modeled humic-clay 9 complexes, different types of interactional mechanisms were inferred as a function of 10 background acidity: (i) at pH=2 while protonated GA was the preponderant form, anionic GA 11 species can be adsorbed to the Na-Mt surface through electrostatic interaction, leading to the a 12