Novel isothiouronium ionic liquid as efficient catalysts for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from CO 2 and epoxides

Regulation of Novel Multi‐Center Ionic Liquids for Synergetically Catalyzing CO2 Conversion into Cyclic Carbonates

“…In summary, it is found that the adjustment of anion, cation and chain length can regulate the catalytic performance. Based on the above investigations, researchers have successively developed ILs, such as [DEPz]I, [21] [P 2228 ][Inda], [22] [TMTC 3 H 6 OH]Br [23] . However, these ILs are only composed of a single pair of anion and cation with a single‐center, so the adjustable range is limited.…”

Highly Efficient and Convenient Supported Ionic Liquid TiCl5-DMIL@SiO2@Fe3O4-Catalyzed Cycloaddition of CO2 and Epoxides to Cyclic Carbonates

“…From these results, a possible reaction mechanism using the cycloaddition of propylene oxide with CO 2 as an example is proposed and depicted in Scheme 3 based on the previous literatures [12,13,[34][35][36][37] and the observations in this reactions. At first, the substrate epoxide is activated by TiCl 5 -DMIL@SiO 2 @Fe 3 O 4 to form the complex 1 by the coordination of one TiCl 5 anion with O atom of propylene oxide.…”

“…Examples of their applications in the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from CO 2 and epoxides were reported [33][34][35][36][37]. Although their good catalytic activities in the reaction, they have some problems such as partially ILs wasted and difficulties in separating catalysts from products after the reaction.…”

Greener synthesis of 1,2-butylene carbonate from CO2 using graphene-inorganic nanocomposite catalyst

“…Various homogeneous catalytic processes have been studied extensively such as ionic liquid [20], salen metal complex [21], salt and metal halide [22], for the synthesis of cyclic carbonate through the catalytic reaction of CO2 and epoxides. However, the processes have suffered various drawbacks due to the high cost of catalyst production, difficulty in separation of product from the reaction mixture, complexity of processes, co-solvent use, potential production of toxic species, limitation of catalyst reusability and instability of the catalyst under room condition [23,24].…”